Vagrant
简介
Vagrant是一个基于Ruby的工具，用于创建和部署虚拟化开发环境。它的主要意义是让所有开发人员都使用和线上服务器一样的环境，本质上和你新建一个虚拟机安装
# https://www.vagrantup.com/downloads.html# vagrant 下载， 自行安装# https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads# virtualbox 下载， 自行安装常用命令
vagrant init ?????# 初始化，生成Vagrantfilevagrant up ???????# 启动虚拟机vagrant halt ?????# 关闭虚拟机vagrant reload ???# 重启虚拟机vagrant ssh ??????# SSH 至虚拟机vagrant suspend ??# 挂起虚拟机vagrant resume ???# 唤醒虚拟机vagrant status ???# 查看虚拟机运行状态vagrant destroy ??# 销毁当前虚拟机#box管理命令vagrant box list ???# 查看本地box列表vagrant box add ????# 添加box到列表vagrant box remove ?# 从box列表移除 # 修改了配置需要启动或重启vagrant provisionvagrant reload --provisionhomestead
站在巨人的肩膀上，快速部署PHP开发环境homestead是laravel官方的一个php开发环境 （本教程采用homestead box6.1.0）内置：Ubuntu 18.04GitPHP 7.2PHP 7.1PHP 7.0PHP 5.6NginxApache (可选。本教程不安装)MySQLMariaDB (可选。本教程不安装)Sqlite3PostgreSQLComposerNode (With Yarn, Bower, Grunt, and Gulp)RedisMemcachedBeanstalkdMailhogNeo4j (可选。本教程不安装)MongoDB (可选。本教程不安装)Elasticsearch (可选。本教程不安装，以免过大)ngrokwp-cliZend Z-RayGoMinio下载box（homestead）
# wget https://vagrantcloud.com/laravel/boxes/homestead/versions/6.1.0/providers/virtualbox.box# 网盘：box镜像
# metadata.json { ???"name": "laravel/homestead", ???"versions": ???[ ???????{ ???????????"version": "6.1.0", ???????????"providers": [ ???????????????{ ?????????????????"name": "virtualbox", ?????????????????"url": "X:/path/homestead-6.1.0.box" ???????????????} ???????????] ???????} ???]}vagrant add box metadata.jsonorvagrant add box laravel/homestead X:/path/homestead-6.1.0.box --box-version=6.1.0 vagrant box list# laravel/homestead (virtualbox, 6.1.0)vagrant init laravel/homestead --box-version=6.1.0# 生成了Vagrantfile文件调整后的Vagrantfile配置
# -*- mode: ruby -*-# vi: set ft=ruby :ENV['VAGRANT_DEFAULT_PROVIDER'] = "virtualbox"Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| ?# 虚拟机名 ?# config.vm.define = "sxx_v1" ?# 镜像名 ?config.vm.box = "laravel/homestead" ?# 镜像版本要求 ?config.vm.box_version = "6.1.0" ?# config.vm.box_version = ">= 6.1.0" ?# 服务名 这里注意不能用下划线"_" ?config.vm.hostname = "sxx-dev-server" ?# 虚拟机的私有网络ip ?config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.10.10" ?# 共享同步的数据目录 ?config.vm.synced_folder "D:/qkl/sxx/docker", "/home/share", create:false ?config.vm.synced_folder "D:/qkl/sxx/sxx_admin3", "/web/www/sxx_admin3", create:false ?config.vm.synced_folder "D:/qkl/sxx/vagrant/nginx/conf", "/etc/nginx/sites-custom/", create:false ?# 端口转发 ?# guest->虚拟机 ?# host->宿主 ?config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 22, host: 2222 ?config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8000 ?# VirtualBox 虚拟机配置: ?config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb| ????vb.gui = false ??????vb.name = "sxx_v1" ????vb.memory = "2048" ????vb.cpus = "2" ?end ???# ?# View the documentation for the provider you are using for more ?# information on available options. ?# Enable provisioning with a shell script. Additional provisioners such as ?# Puppet, Chef, Ansible, Salt, and Docker are also available. Please see the ?# documentation for more information about their specific syntax and use. ?#config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL ?# ??sudo apt-get update ?#SHELLend启动
vagrant up# output==> default: Attempting graceful shutdown of VM...==> default: Checking if box 'laravel/homestead' is up to date...==> default: Clearing any previously set forwarded ports...==> default: Clearing any previously set network interfaces...==> default: Preparing network interfaces based on configuration... ???default: Adapter 1: nat ???default: Adapter 2: hostonly==> default: Forwarding ports... ???default: 22 (guest) => 2222 (host) (adapter 1) ???default: 80 (guest) => 8000 (host) (adapter 1) ???default: 22 (guest) => 2222 (host) (adapter 1)==> default: Running 'pre-boot' VM customizations...==> default: Booting VM...==> default: Waiting for machine to boot. This may take a few minutes... ???default: SSH address: 127.0.0.1:2222 ???default: SSH username: vagrant ???default: SSH auth method: private key==> default: Machine booted and ready!==> default: Checking for guest additions in VM...==> default: Setting hostname...==> default: Configuring and enabling network interfaces...The following SSH command responded with a non-zero exit status.Vagrant assumes that this means the command failed!/sbin/ifdown 'eth1' || true/sbin/ip addr flush dev 'eth1'# Remove any previous network modifications from the interfaces filesed -e '/^#VAGRANT-BEGIN/,$ d' /etc/network/interfaces > /tmp/vagrant-network-interfaces.presed -ne '/^#VAGRANT-END/,$ p' /etc/network/interfaces | tac | sed -e '/^#VAGRANT-END/,$ d' | tac > /tmp/vagrant-network-interfaces.postcat ??/tmp/vagrant-network-interfaces.pre ??/tmp/vagrant-network-entry ??/tmp/vagrant-network-interfaces.post ??> /etc/network/interfacesrm -f /tmp/vagrant-network-interfaces.prerm -f /tmp/vagrant-network-entryrm -f /tmp/vagrant-network-interfaces.post/sbin/ifup 'eth1'Stdout from the command:Stderr from the command:bash: line 4: /sbin/ifdown: No such file or directorybash: line 20: /sbin/ifup: No such file or directory# 这提示出错了，应该是官方的打包没安装ifupdown时候的问题解决错误
# 这里的ip，我们上面设置为192.168.10.10ssh -p 2222 vagrant@ipor直接打开virtualbox的虚拟机进入# 输入密码sudo apt-get install -y ifupdown# 重新启动vagrant reload# output初始化工作
# 重置/设置root密码su passwd root# 输入新密码 这里我是Vagrant123# 解决homestead6.1.0里没有phpize的问题 安装过程会提示操作，默认选择即可sudo apt-get install -y php7.2-devsudo apt-get install -y php7.1-devsudo apt-get install -y php7.0-devsudo apt-get install -y php5.6-dev# 如果需要更换linux下默认版本# ubunutupdate-alternavtives --config php# 选择自己需要的版本前的序列即可# nginx配置里可以直接指定版本，具体查看分享的nginx配置即可安装扩展
# 这我就不演示怎么安装了基本都是phpize -> configure -> make && make installredismongodbrdkafka（安装前先安装librdkafka-https://github.com/edenhill/librdkafka）zookeeper(安装前线安装zookeeker的C库支持）建议后续安装的扩展
swoole# https://wiki.swoole.com/wiki/index/prid-1查看常用服务
打包vagrant box
vagrant package --output sxx_v1# output 项目下生成了sxx_v1分享和使用
1. 安装vagrant2. 安装virtualbox3. copy 分享的box4. 添加box: vagrant add box qklin/sxx_v1 box_file -box-version=6.1.0 或者上面的metadata.json添加5. 设置复制一份Vagrantfile，调整成自己所需的共享目录6. 添加nginx的虚拟主机配置7. vagrant up8. 如果nginx有问题，你可以ssh到虚拟机，然后重启下nginx，因为共享目录可能迟于nginx，所以nginx启动除了问题，重启nginx即可（/usr/sbin/nginx -s reload）分享本教程的vagrantbox和部分配置
# sxx_v1 box 链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1vkU5PTt856Ru7eCiqU3KpQ 密码: 6666# sxx_v1配置(nginx, vagrantfile等)链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1z7MfT2pIYMGqq_tBwmfDNA 密码: 8888# homestead 官方的7.14.2配置（仅做参考，可以快速增加其他服务，参考scripts里的脚本）链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1qZ29r3w41PZ2tLDguzULAw 密码: 9999总结
vagrant 本质还是虚拟机，不过是通过vagrant快速部署和管理虚拟机本教程只是演示了一个配置配置一台虚拟机，vagrant通过vagrantfile快速部署分布式虚拟机这个不是本教程的目的，具体更多你可以翻阅官方或百度搜索相关教程自行学习原文地址：https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000015984473
团队一致性的PHP开发环境之Vagrant
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/lalalagq/p/9975223.html