一 web框架
Web框架（Web framework）是一种开发框架，用来支持动态网站、网络应用和网络服务的开发。这大多数的web框架提供了一套开发和部署网站的方式，也为web行为提供了一套通用的方法。web框架已经实现了很多功能，开发人员使用框架提供的方法并且完成自己的业务逻辑，就能快速开发web应用了。浏览器和服务器的是基于HTTP协议进行通信的。也可以说web框架就是在以上十几行代码基础张扩展出来的，有很多简单方便使用的方法，大大提高了开发的效率。
wsgiref模块
最简单的Web应用就是先把HTML用文件保存好，用一个现成的HTTP服务器软件，接收用户请求，从文件中读取HTML，返回。
如果要动态生成HTML，就需要把上述步骤自己来实现。不过，接受HTTP请求、解析HTTP请求、发送HTTP响应都是苦力活，如果我们自己来写这些底层代码，还没开始写动态HTML呢，就得花个把月去读HTTP规范。
正确的做法是底层代码由专门的服务器软件实现，我们用Python专注于生成HTML文档。因为我们不希望接触到TCP连接、HTTP原始请求和响应格式，所以，需要一个统一的接口协议来实现这样的服务器软件，让我们专心用Python编写Web业务。这个接口就是WSGI：Web Server Gateway Interface。而wsgiref模块就是python基于wsgi协议开发的服务模块。
from wsgiref.simple_server import make_serverdef mya(environ, start_response): ???print(environ) ???start_response(‘200 OK‘, [(‘Content-Type‘, ‘text/html‘)]) ???if environ.get(‘PATH_INFO‘) == ‘/index‘: ???????with open(‘index.html‘,‘rb‘) as f: ???????????data=f.read() ???elif environ.get(‘PATH_INFO‘) == ‘/login‘: ???????with open(‘login.html‘, ‘rb‘) as f: ???????????data = f.read() ???else: ???????data=b‘<h1>Hello, web!</h1>‘ ???return [data]if __name__ == ‘__main__‘: ???myserver = make_server(‘‘, 8011, mya) ???print(‘监听8010‘) ???myserver.serve_forever()
二 自己写Web框架
models.py
链接数据库返回字典格式：
cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor
创建数据表
import pymysql#连接数据库conn = pymysql.connect(host=‘127.0.0.1‘,port= 3306,user = ‘root‘,passwd=‘123456‘,db=‘web‘) #db：库名#创建游标cur = conn.cursor()sql=‘‘‘create table userinfo( ???????id INT PRIMARY KEY , ???????name VARCHAR(32) , ???????password VARCHAR(32))‘‘‘cur.execute(sql)#提交conn.commit()#关闭指针对象cur.close()#关闭连接对象conn.close()
myserver.py
启动文件
from wsgiref.simple_server import make_serverfrom urls import url_pattersdef mya(environ, start_response): ???# print(environ) ???start_response(‘200 OK‘, [(‘Content-Type‘, ‘text/html‘)]) ???func = None ???for item in url_patters: ???????if item[0] == environ.get(‘PATH_INFO‘): ???????????func = item[1] ???????????break ???if func: ???????data = func(environ) ???????return [data] ???else: ???????return [b‘404‘]if __name__ == ‘__main__‘: ???myserver = make_server(‘‘, 8011, mya) ???print(‘监听8010‘) ???myserver.serve_forever()
urls.py
路由配置
from views import *url_patters = [ ???(‘/login‘, login), ???(‘/index‘, index), ???(‘/time‘, time),]
views.py
视图函数
def index(environ): ???with open(‘templates/index.html‘, ‘rb‘) as f: ???????data = f.read() ???return datadef time(environ): ???import datetime ???now=datetime.datetime.now().strftime(‘%y-%m-%d %X‘) ???print(now) ???return now.encode(‘utf-8‘)from urllib.parse import parse_qsimport pymysqldef login(request): ???if request.get("REQUEST_METHOD") == "POST": ???????try: ???????????request_body_size = int(request.get(‘CONTENT_LENGTH‘, 0)) ???????except (ValueError): ???????????request_body_size = 0 ???????request_body = request[‘wsgi.input‘].read(request_body_size) ???????data = parse_qs(request_body) ???????user = data.get(b"user")[0].decode("utf8") ???????pwd = data.get(b"pwd")[0].decode("utf8") ???????# 连接数据库 ???????conn = pymysql.connect(host=‘127.0.0.1‘, port=3306, user=‘root‘, passwd=‘123456‘, db=‘web‘) ?# db：库名 ???????# 创建游标 ???????cur = conn.cursor() ???????SQL = "select * from userinfo WHERE NAME =‘%s‘ AND PASSWORD =‘%s‘" % (user, pwd) ???????cur.execute(SQL) ???????if cur.fetchone(): ???????????f = open("templates/backend.html", "rb") ???????????data = f.read() ???????????data = data.decode("utf8") ???????????return data.encode("utf8") ???????else: ???????????print("OK456") ???????????return b"user or pwd is wrong" ???else: ???????f = open("templates/login.html", "rb") ???????data = f.read() ???????f.close() ???????return data
tempaltes下
backend.html
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> ???<meta charset="UTF-8"> ???<title>Title</title></head><body>登录成功</body></html>
index
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> ???<meta charset="UTF-8"> ???<title>Title</title></head><body>index</body></html>
loogin.html
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> ???<meta charset="UTF-8"> ???<title>Title</title></head><body><h4>登录页面</h4><form action="http://127.0.0.1:8011/login" method="post"> ????用户名 <input type="text" name="user"> ????密码 <input type="text" name="pwd"> ???<input type="submit"></form></body></html>
三 其它socket服务端
‘cgi‘: CGIServer, ???‘flup‘: FlupFCGIServer, ???‘wsgiref‘: WSGIRefServer, ???‘waitress‘: WaitressServer, ???‘cherrypy‘: CherryPyServer, ???‘paste‘: PasteServer, ???‘fapws3‘: FapwsServer, ???‘tornado‘: TornadoServer, ???‘gae‘: AppEngineServer, ???‘twisted‘: TwistedServer, ???‘diesel‘: DieselServer, ???‘meinheld‘: MeinheldServer, ???‘gunicorn‘: GunicornServer, ???‘eventlet‘: EventletServer, ???‘gevent‘: GeventServer, ???‘geventSocketIO‘:GeventSocketIOServer, ???‘rocket‘: RocketServer, ???‘bjoern‘ : BjoernServer, ???‘auto‘: AutoServer,
Web 框架
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/zhangbingsheng/p/9913126.html