httpd-2.4： ???新特性： ???????(1) MPM支持运行DSO机制；以模块形式按需加载； ???????(2) 支持event MPM； ???????(3) 支持异步读写； ???????(4) 支持每模块及每个目录分别使用各自的日志级别； ???????(5) 每请求配置；<If> ???????(6) 增强版的表达式分析器； ???????(7) 支持毫秒级的keepalive timeout； ???????(8) 基于FQDN的虚拟主机不再需要NameVirtualHost指令； ???????(9) 支持用户自定义变量； ???新模块： ???????(1) mod_proxy_fcgi ???????(2) mod_ratelimit ???????(3) mod_remoteip ???修改了一些配置机制： ???????不再支持使用Order, Deny, Allow来做基于IP的访问控制；安装httpd-2.4 ???httpd依赖于apr-1.4+, apr-util-1.4+, [apr-icon] ???????apr: apache portable runtime ???CentOS 6: ???????默认：apr-1.3.9, apr-util-1.3.9 ????????编译安装步骤： ???????????1.4+版的apr和apr-util ???????????前提： ???????????????安装开发环境，安装pcre-devel ???????????(1) apr ???????????????# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr ???????????????# make && make install ???????????(2) apr-util ???????????????# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with=/usr/local/apr ???????????????# make && make install ???????????# groupadd -r apache ???????????# useradd -r -g apache apahce ???????????# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --sysconf=/etc/httpd24 --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=prefork ???????????# make && make install ???????????启动服务： ???????????????apachectl ????CentOS 7: ???????配置文件： ???????????主配置文件：/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf ???????????模块配置文件：/etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/*.conf ???????????辅助配置文件：/etc/httpd/conf.d/*.conf ???????mpm：以DSO机制提供，配置文件00-mpm.conf ???????服务控制：systemctl {start|stop|restart|status|reload} httpd.service ???配置： ???????????(1) 切换使用MPM ???????????????LoadModule mpm_NAME_module modules/mod_mpm_NAME.so ???????????????????NAME: prefork, event, worker ???????????(2) 修改‘Main‘ server的DocumentRoot ???????????(3) 基于IP的访问控制法则 ???????????????允许所有主机访问：Require all granted ???????????????拒绝所有主机访问：Require all deny ???????????????控制特定IP访问： ???????????????????Require ip IPADDR：授权指定来源地址的主机访问 ???????????????????Require not ip IPADDR：拒绝指定来源地址的主机访问 ???????????????????IPADDR： ???????????????????????IP: 172.16.100.2 ???????????????????????Network/mask: 172.16.0.0/255.255.0.0 ???????????????????????Network/Length: 172.16.0.0/16 ???????????????????????Net: 172.16 ???????????????控制特定主机（HOSTNAME）访问 ???????????????????Require host HOSTNAME ???????????????????Require not host HOSTNAME ???????????????????HOSTNAME: ???????????????????????FQDN: 特定主机 ???????????????????????DOMAIN：指定域内的所有主机 ???????????????<RequireAll> ???????????????????Require all granted ???????????????????Require not ip 10.252.46.165 ???????????????</RequireAll> ???????????(4) 虚拟主机 ???????????????基于IP、Port和FQDN都支持； ???????????????基于FQDN的不再需要NameVirtualHost指令； ???????????(5) ssl ???????????????启用模块： ???????????????????LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so ???????????(6) CentOS 6 服务脚本 ???????????????#!/bin/bash ???????????????# ???????????????# httpd ???????Startup script for the Apache HTTP Server ???????????????# ???????????????# chkconfig: - 85 15 ???????????????# description: The Apache HTTP Server is an efficient and extensible ?????????????????# ?????????server implementing the current HTTP standards. ???????????????# processname: httpd ???????????????# config: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf ???????????????# config: /etc/sysconfig/httpd ???????????????# pidfile: /var/run/httpd/httpd.pid ???????????????# ???????????????### BEGIN INIT INFO ???????????????# Provides: httpd ???????????????# Required-Start: $local_fs $remote_fs $network $named ???????????????# Required-Stop: $local_fs $remote_fs $network ???????????????# Should-Start: distcache ???????????????# Short-Description: start and stop Apache HTTP Server ???????????????# Description: The Apache HTTP Server is an extensible server ????????????????# ?implementing the current HTTP standards. ???????????????### END INIT INFO ???????????????# Source function library. ???????????????. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions ???????????????if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/httpd ]; then ???????????????????????. /etc/sysconfig/httpd ???????????????fi ???????????????# Start httpd in the C locale by default. ???????????????HTTPD_LANG=${HTTPD_LANG-"C"} ???????????????# This will prevent initlog from swallowing up a pass-phrase prompt if ???????????????# mod_ssl needs a pass-phrase from the user. ???????????????INITLOG_ARGS="" ???????????????# Set HTTPD=/usr/sbin/httpd.worker in /etc/sysconfig/httpd to use a server ???????????????# with the thread-based "worker" MPM; BE WARNED that some modules may not ???????????????# work correctly with a thread-based MPM; notably PHP will refuse to start. ???????????????# Path to the apachectl script, server binary, and short-form for messages. ???????????????apachectl=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl ???????????????httpd=/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd ???????????????prog=httpd ???????????????pidfile=${PIDFILE-/var/run/httpd/httpd24.pid} ???????????????lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/httpd24} ???????????????RETVAL=0 ???????????????STOP_TIMEOUT=${STOP_TIMEOUT-10} ???????????????# The semantics of these two functions differ from the way apachectl does ???????????????# things -- attempting to start while running is a failure, and shutdown ???????????????# when not running is also a failure. ?So we just do it the way init scripts ???????????????# are expected to behave here. ???????????????start() { ???????????????????????echo -n $"Starting $prog: " ???????????????????????LANG=$HTTPD_LANG daemon --pidfile=${pidfile} $httpd $OPTIONS ???????????????????????RETVAL=$? ???????????????????????echo ???????????????????????[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch ${lockfile} ???????????????????????return $RETVAL ???????????????} ???????????????# When stopping httpd, a delay (of default 10 second) is required ???????????????# before SIGKILLing the httpd parent; this gives enough time for the ???????????????# httpd parent to SIGKILL any errant children. ???????????????stop() { ???????????????????echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " ???????????????????killproc -p ${pidfile} -d ${STOP_TIMEOUT} $httpd ???????????????????RETVAL=$? ???????????????????echo ???????????????????[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f ${lockfile} ${pidfile} ???????????????} ???????????????reload() { ???????????????????echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " ???????????????????if ! LANG=$HTTPD_LANG $httpd $OPTIONS -t >&/dev/null; then ???????????????????????RETVAL=6 ???????????????????????echo $"not reloading due to configuration syntax error" ???????????????????????failure $"not reloading $httpd due to configuration syntax error" ???????????????????else ???????????????????????# Force LSB behaviour from killproc ???????????????????????LSB=1 killproc -p ${pidfile} $httpd -HUP ???????????????????????RETVAL=$? ???????????????????????if [ $RETVAL -eq 7 ]; then ???????????????????????????failure $"httpd shutdown" ???????????????????????fi ???????????????????fi ???????????????????echo ???????????????} ???????????????# See how we were called. ???????????????case "$1" in ?????????????????start) ???????????????????start ???????????????????;; ?????????????????stop) ???????????????????stop ???????????????????;; ?????????????????status) ???????????????????????status -p ${pidfile} $httpd ???????????????????RETVAL=$? ???????????????????;; ?????????????????restart) ???????????????????stop ???????????????????start ???????????????????;; ?????????????????condrestart|try-restart) ???????????????????if status -p ${pidfile} $httpd >&/dev/null; then ???????????????????????stop ???????????????????????start ???????????????????fi ???????????????????;; ?????????????????force-reload|reload) ???????????????????????reload ???????????????????;; ?????????????????graceful|help|configtest|fullstatus) ???????????????????$apachectl $@ ???????????????????RETVAL=$? ???????????????????;; ?????????????????*) ???????????????????echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|condrestart|try-restart|force-reload|reload|status|fullstatus|graceful|help|configtest}" ???????????????????RETVAL=2 ???????????????esac ???????????????exit $RETVALhttp的应用-编译安装Apache
原文地址：http://blog.51cto.com/zhanx/2323237