HttpClient的简单运用

/** * Description: httpClient工具类 * ?* @author JourWon * @date Created on 2018年4月19日 */public class HttpClientUtils { ???// 编码格式。发送编码格式统一用UTF-8 ???private static final String ENCODING = "UTF-8"; ???????// 设置连接超时时间，单位毫秒。 ???private static final int CONNECT_TIMEOUT = 6000; ???????// 请求获取数据的超时时间(即响应时间)，单位毫秒。 ???private static final int SOCKET_TIMEOUT = 6000; ???/** ????* 发送get请求；不带请求头和请求参数 ????* ?????* @param url 请求地址 ????* @return ????* @throws Exception ????*/ ???public static HttpClientResult doGet(String url) throws Exception { ???????return doGet(url, null, null); ???} ???????/** ????* 发送get请求；带请求参数 ????* ?????* @param url 请求地址 ????* @param params 请求参数集合 ????* @return ????* @throws Exception ????*/ ???public static HttpClientResult doGet(String url, Map<String, String> params) throws Exception { ???????return doGet(url, null, params); ???} ???/** ????* 发送get请求；带请求头和请求参数 ????* ?????* @param url 请求地址 ????* @param headers 请求头集合 ????* @param params 请求参数集合 ????* @return ????* @throws Exception ????*/ ???public static HttpClientResult doGet(String url, Map<String, String> headers, Map<String, String> params) throws Exception { ???????// 创建httpClient对象 ???????CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault(); ???????// 创建访问的地址 ???????URIBuilder uriBuilder = new URIBuilder(url); ???????if (params != null) { ???????????Set<Entry<String, String>> entrySet = params.entrySet(); ???????????for (Entry<String, String> entry : entrySet) { ???????????????uriBuilder.setParameter(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()); ???????????} ???????} ???????// 创建http对象 ???????HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uriBuilder.build()); ???????/** ????????* setConnectTimeout：设置连接超时时间，单位毫秒。 ????????* setConnectionRequestTimeout：设置从connect Manager(连接池)获取Connection ????????* 超时时间，单位毫秒。这个属性是新加的属性，因为目前版本是可以共享连接池的。 ????????* setSocketTimeout：请求获取数据的超时时间(即响应时间)，单位毫秒。 如果访问一个接口，多少时间内无法返回数据，就直接放弃此次调用。 ????????*/ ???????RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(CONNECT_TIMEOUT).setSocketTimeout(SOCKET_TIMEOUT).build(); ???????httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig); ???????????????// 设置请求头 ???????packageHeader(headers, httpGet); ???????// 创建httpResponse对象 ???????CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null; ???????try { ???????????// 执行请求并获得响应结果 ???????????return getHttpClientResult(httpResponse, httpClient, httpGet); ???????} finally { ???????????// 释放资源 ???????????release(httpResponse, httpClient); ???????} ???} ???/** ????* 发送post请求；不带请求头和请求参数 ????* ?????* @param url 请求地址 ????* @return ????* @throws Exception ????*/ ???public static HttpClientResult doPost(String url) throws Exception { ???????return doPost(url, null, null); ???} ???????/** ????* 发送post请求；带请求参数 ????* ?????* @param url 请求地址 ????* @param params 参数集合 ????* @return ????* @throws Exception ????*/ ???public static HttpClientResult doPost(String url, Map<String, String> params) throws Exception { ???????return doPost(url, null, params); ???} ???/** ????* 发送post请求；带请求头和请求参数 ????* ?????* @param url 请求地址 ????* @param headers 请求头集合 ????* @param params 请求参数集合 ????* @return ????* @throws Exception ????*/ ???public static HttpClientResult doPost(String url, Map<String, String> headers, Map<String, String> params) throws Exception { ???????// 创建httpClient对象 ???????CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault(); ???????// 创建http对象 ???????HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url); ???????/** ????????* setConnectTimeout：设置连接超时时间，单位毫秒。 ????????* setConnectionRequestTimeout：设置从connect Manager(连接池)获取Connection ????????* 超时时间，单位毫秒。这个属性是新加的属性，因为目前版本是可以共享连接池的。 ????????* setSocketTimeout：请求获取数据的超时时间(即响应时间)，单位毫秒。 如果访问一个接口，多少时间内无法返回数据，就直接放弃此次调用。 ????????*/ ???????RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(CONNECT_TIMEOUT).setSocketTimeout(SOCKET_TIMEOUT).build(); ???????httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig); ???????// 设置请求头 ???????/*httpPost.setHeader("Cookie", ""); ???????httpPost.setHeader("Connection", "keep-alive"); ???????httpPost.setHeader("Accept", "application/json"); ???????httpPost.setHeader("Accept-Language", "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9"); ???????httpPost.setHeader("Accept-Encoding", "gzip, deflate, br"); ???????httpPost.setHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.181 Safari/537.36");*/ ???????packageHeader(headers, httpPost); ???????????????// 封装请求参数 ???????packageParam(params, httpPost); ???????// 创建httpResponse对象 ???????CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null; ???????try { ???????????// 执行请求并获得响应结果 ???????????return getHttpClientResult(httpResponse, httpClient, httpPost); ???????} finally { ???????????// 释放资源 ???????????release(httpResponse, httpClient); ???????} ???} ???/** ????* 发送put请求；不带请求参数 ????* ?????* @param url 请求地址 ????* @param params 参数集合 ????* @return ????* @throws Exception ????*/ ???public static HttpClientResult doPut(String url) throws Exception { ???????return doPut(url); ???} ???/** ????* 发送put请求；带请求参数 ????* ?????* @param url 请求地址 ????* @param params 参数集合 ????* @return ????* @throws Exception ????*/ ???public static HttpClientResult doPut(String url, Map<String, String> params) throws Exception { ???????CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault(); ???????HttpPut httpPut = new HttpPut(url); ???????RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(CONNECT_TIMEOUT).setSocketTimeout(SOCKET_TIMEOUT).build(); ???????httpPut.setConfig(requestConfig); ???????????????packageParam(params, httpPut); ???????CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null; ???????try { ???????????return getHttpClientResult(httpResponse, httpClient, httpPut); ???????} finally { ???????????release(httpResponse, httpClient); ???????} ???} ???/** ????* 发送delete请求；不带请求参数 ????* ?????* @param url 请求地址 ????* @param params 参数集合 ????* @return ????* @throws Exception ????*/ ???public static HttpClientResult doDelete(String url) throws Exception { ???????CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault(); ???????HttpDelete httpDelete = new HttpDelete(url); ???????RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(CONNECT_TIMEOUT).setSocketTimeout(SOCKET_TIMEOUT).build(); ???????httpDelete.setConfig(requestConfig); ???????CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null; ???????try { ???????????return getHttpClientResult(httpResponse, httpClient, httpDelete); ???????} finally { ???????????release(httpResponse, httpClient); ???????} ???} ???/** ????* 发送delete请求；带请求参数 ????* ?????* @param url 请求地址 ????* @param params 参数集合 ????* @return ????* @throws Exception ????*/ ???public static HttpClientResult doDelete(String url, Map<String, String> params) throws Exception { ???????if (params == null) { ???????????params = new HashMap<String, String>(); ???????} ???????params.put("_method", "delete"); ???????return doPost(url, params); ???} ???????/** ????* Description: 封装请求头 ????* @param params ????* @param httpMethod ????*/ ???public static void packageHeader(Map<String, String> params, HttpRequestBase httpMethod) { ???????// 封装请求头 ???????if (params != null) { ???????????Set<Entry<String, String>> entrySet = params.entrySet(); ???????????for (Entry<String, String> entry : entrySet) { ???????????????// 设置到请求头到HttpRequestBase对象中 ???????????????httpMethod.setHeader(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()); ???????????} ???????} ???} ???/** ????* Description: 封装请求参数 ????* ?????* @param params ????* @param httpMethod ????* @throws UnsupportedEncodingException ????*/ ???public static void packageParam(Map<String, String> params, HttpEntityEnclosingRequestBase httpMethod) ???????????throws UnsupportedEncodingException { ???????// 封装请求参数 ???????if (params != null) { ???????????List<NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); ???????????Set<Entry<String, String>> entrySet = params.entrySet(); ???????????for (Entry<String, String> entry : entrySet) { ???????????????nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue())); ???????????} ???????????// 设置到请求的http对象中 ???????????httpMethod.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, ENCODING)); ???????} ???} ???/** ????* Description: 获得响应结果 ????* ?????* @param httpResponse ????* @param httpClient ????* @param httpMethod ????* @return ????* @throws Exception ????*/ ???public static HttpClientResult getHttpClientResult(CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse, ???????????CloseableHttpClient httpClient, HttpRequestBase httpMethod) throws Exception { ???????// 执行请求 ???????httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpMethod); ???????// 获取返回结果 ???????if (httpResponse != null && httpResponse.getStatusLine() != null) { ???????????String content = ""; ???????????if (httpResponse.getEntity() != null) { ???????????????content = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity(), ENCODING); ???????????} ???????????return new HttpClientResult(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(), content); ???????} ???????return new HttpClientResult(HttpStatus.SC_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR); ???} ???/** ????* Description: 释放资源 ????* ?????* @param httpResponse ????* @param httpClient ????* @throws IOException ????*/ ???public static void release(CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse, CloseableHttpClient httpClient) throws IOException { ???????// 释放资源 ???????if (httpResponse != null) { ???????????httpResponse.close(); ???????} ???????if (httpClient != null) { ???????????httpClient.close(); ???????} ???}}6.6 启动spring-boot，测试get、post请求/** * Description: HttpClientUtils工具类测试 * ?* @author JourWon * @date Created on 2018年4月19日 */public class HttpClientUtilsTest { ???/** ????* Description: 测试get无参请求 ????* ?????* @throws Exception ????*/ ???@Test ???public void testGet() throws Exception { ???????HttpClientResult result = HttpClientUtils.doGet("http://127.0.0.1:8080/hello/get"); ???????System.out.println(result); ???} ???/** ????* Description: 测试get带参请求 ????* ?????* @throws Exception ????*/ ???@Test ???public void testGetWithParam() throws Exception { ???????Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>(); ???????params.put("message", "helloworld"); ???????HttpClientResult result = HttpClientUtils.doGet("http://127.0.0.1:8080/hello/getWithParam", params); ???????System.out.println(result); ???} ???/** ????* Description: 测试post带请求头不带请求参数 ????* ?????* @throws Exception ????*/ ???@Test ???public void testPost() throws Exception { ???????Map<String, String> headers = new HashMap<String, String>(); ???????headers.put("Cookie", "123"); ???????headers.put("Connection", "keep-alive"); ???????headers.put("Accept", "application/json"); ???????headers.put("Accept-Language", "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9"); ???????headers.put("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.181 Safari/537.36"); ???????HttpClientResult result = HttpClientUtils.doPost("http://127.0.0.1:8080/hello/post", headers, null); ???????System.out.println(result); ???} ???/** ????* Description: 测试post带参请求 ????* ?????* @throws Exception ????*/ ???@Test ???public void testPostWithParam() throws Exception { ???????Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>(); ???????params.put("code", "0"); ???????params.put("message", "helloworld"); ???????HttpClientResult result = HttpClientUtils.doPost("http://127.0.0.1:8080/hello/postWithParam", params); ???????System.out.println(result); ???}}作者：JourWon链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/9504ecc7abad來源：简书简书著作权归作者所有，任何形式的转载都请联系作者获得授权并注明出处。