php-fpm配置相关
一、php-fpm配置
和LAMP不同的是，在LNMP架构中，php-fpm作为独立的一个服务存在，既然是独立服务，那么它必然有自己的配置文件。php-fpm的配置文件为/usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf,它同样也支持include语句，类似于nginx.conf里面的include.
1. php-fpm 的pool
Nginx可以配置多个虚拟主机，php-fpm配置文件php-fpm.conf可以设置多个pool，每个pool可以监听一个端口，在其中一个pool资源耗尽，会导致其他站点无法访问资源，报502错误。有必要把站点进行分离，分别使用单独的pool。
1.打开php-fpm.conf
[root@xavi ~]# vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf[root@xavi ~]# cd /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/[root@xavi etc]# lspear.conf ?php-fpm.conf ?php-fpm.conf.default ?php.ini[root@xavi etc]# cat php-fpm.conf[global]pid = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/run/php-fpm.piderror_log = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php-fpm.log[www]listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock#listen =127.0.0.1:9000listen.mode = 666user = php-fpmgroup = php-fpmpm = dynamicpm.max_children = 50pm.start_servers = 20pm.min_spare_servers = 5pm.max_spare_servers = 35pm.max_requests = 500rlimit_files = 1024php-fpm.conf部分内容注解
#[www]#listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock#监听地址，也可以写：listen = 127.0.0.1:9000，本地监听，也可以监听其他IP：port#此处格式会影响配置Nginx和PHP结合时Nginx寻址PHP的路径#listen.mode = 666#当监听的为socket文件时该部分才生效，用于指定.sock文件的权限#user = php-fpm#group = php-fpm#定义php-fpm服务的用户在原来基础上在复制修改一个
[xavi.com]listen = /tmp/xavier.sock#listen =127.0.0.1:9000listen.mode = 666user = php-fpmgroup = php-fpmpm = dynamicpm.max_children = 50pm.start_servers = 20pm.min_spare_servers = 5pm.max_spare_servers = 35pm.max_requests = 500rlimit_files = 1024检查并重启php-fpm服务
[19-Mar-2018 23:02:28] NOTICE: configuration file /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf test is successful[root@xavi etc]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm reloadReload service php-fpm ?done查看下php-fpm服务
[root@xavi etc]# ps aux |grep php-fpmroot ??????4684 ?0.0 ?0.2 227268 ?4984 ? ???????Ss ??23:03 ??0:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf)php-fpm ???4685 ?0.0 ?0.2 229292 ?5080 ? ???????S ???23:03 ??0:00 php-fpm: pool wwwphp-fpm ???4686 ?0.0 ?0.2 229292 ?5080 ? ???????S ???23:03 ??0:00 php-fpm: pool wwwphp-fpm ???4687 ?0.0 ?0.2 229292 ?5080 ? ???????S ???23:03 ??0:00 php-fpm: pool wwwphp-fpm ???4688 ?0.0 ?0.2 229292 ?5084 ? ???????S ???23:03 ??0:00 php-fpm: pool wwwphp-fpm ???4689 ?0.0 ?0.2 229292 ?5088 ? ???????S ???23:03 ??0:00 php-fpm: pool wwwphp-fpm ???4690 ?0.0 ?0.2 229292 ?5088 ? ???????S ???23:03 ??0:00 php-fpm: pool wwwphp-fpm ???4691 ?0.0 ?0.2 229292 ?5088 ? ???????S ???23:03 ??0:00 php-fpm: pool wwwphp-fpm ???4692 ?0.0 ?0.2 229292 ?5088 ? ???????S ???23:03 ??0:00 php-fpm: pool wwwphp-fpm ???4693 ?0.0 ?0.2 229292 ?5088 ? ???????S ???23:03 ??0:00 php-fpm: pool wwwphp-fpm ???4694 ?0.0 ?0.2 229292 ?5088 ? ???????S ???23:03 ??0:00 php-fpm: pool wwwphp-fpm ???4705 ?0.0 ?0.2 229292 ?5088 ? ????php-fpm ???4809 ?0.0 ?0.2 229292 ?5084 ? ???????S ???23:08 ??0:00 php-fpm: pool xavi.comphp-fpm ???4810 ?0.0 ?0.2 229292 ?5084 ? ???????S ???23:08 ??0:00 php-fpm: pool xavi.comphp-fpm ???4811 ?0.0 ?0.2 229292 ?5084 ? ???????S ???23:08 ??0:00 php-fpm: pool xavi.comphp-fpm ???4812 ?0.0 ?0.2 229292 ?5084 ? ???????S ???23:08 ??0:00 php-fpm: pool xavi.comphp-fpm ???4813 ?0.0 ?0.2 229292 ?5088 ? ???????S ???23:08 ??0:00 php-fpm: pool xavi.comphp-fpm ???4814 ?0.0 ?0.2 229292 ?5088 ? ???????S ???23:08 ??0:00 php-fpm: pool xavi.comphp-fpm ???4815 ?0.0 ?0.2 229292 ?5088 ? ???????S ???23:08 ??0:00 php-fpm: pool xavi.comphp-fpm ???4816 ?0.0 ?0.2 229292 ?5088 ? ???????S ???23:08 ??0:00 php-fpm: pool xavi.comphp-fpm ???4817 ?0.0 ?0.2 229292 ?5088 ? ???????S ???23:08 ??0:00 php-fpm: pool xavi.comphp-fpm ???4818 ?0.0 ?0.2 229292 ?5088 ? ???????S ???23:08 ??0:00 php-fpm: pool xavi.comphp-fpm ???4819 ?0.0 ?0.2 229292 ?5088 ? ???????S ???23:08 ??0:00 php-fpm: pool xavi.com2.已经看到www和xavi.com两个pool了，下一步如何应用
[root@xavi etc]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/[root@xavi vhost]# lsbcd.com.conf ?load.conf ?proxy.conf ?ssl.conf ?test.com.conf[root@xavi vhost]# vim test.com.conf[root@xavi vhost]# vim bcd.com.confserver ???{ ??listen 80 default_server; ??server_name abcd.com; ??index index.html index.htm index.php; ??root /data/nginx/default;location ~ \.php$ ?????{ ???????include fastcgi_params; ???????fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/xavier.sock; ???????fastcgi_index index.php; ???????fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /data/nginx/default$fastcgi_script_name; ?????}另一种创建多个pool的方法
在/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/下有多个conf文件，这样我们可以配置多个虚拟机，那么php-fpm是否也支持多个conf文件呢，是的
[root@xavi php-fpm.d]# vi www.conf[www]listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock#listen =127.0.0.1:9000listen.mode = 666user = php-fpmgroup = php-fpmpm = dynamicpm.max_children = 50pm.start_servers = 20pm.min_spare_servers = 5pm.max_spare_servers = 35pm.max_requests = 500rlimit_files = 1024[root@xavi php-fpm.d]# vi xavi.conf[xavi.com]listen = /tmp/xavier.sock#listen =127.0.0.1:9000listen.mode = 666user = php-fpmgroup = php-fpmpm = dynamicpm.max_children = 50pm.start_servers = 20pm.min_spare_servers = 5pm.max_spare_servers = 35pm.max_requests = 500rlimit_files = 1024这样原有的php-fpm.conf就只有三行内容了
[root@xavi php-fpm.d]# cat ../php-fpm.conf[global]pid = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/run/php-fpm.piderror_log = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php-fpm.loginclude = etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf检查语法并重启
[root@xavi php-fpm.d]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t[20-Mar-2018 20:39:01] NOTICE: configuration file /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf test is successful[root@xavi php-fpm.d]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm restartGracefully shutting down php-fpm . doneStarting php-fpm ?doneps aux |grep php-fpm
二、php-fpm慢执行日志
php网站，建议使用lnmp架构的一个好处就是查看“慢日志”，为什么这么说呢？当我们的客户或者manager发现站点访问速度点慢，如果全部的负载均不是很高，一切正常还是慢，怎么办？那唯一的办法就是检查“慢日志”，慢日志会向我们详细的展示某个页面的多少行代码在执行过程中超过了我们设定的阀值！
2.1 配置www.conf吧
在原有的基础上面，增加两行：
request_slowlog_timeout = 2slowlog = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/www_slow.log命令的意思是：只要执行某条语句超过2秒就会记录到咱们规定的日志文件中去。开启慢执行日志
[root@xavi php-fpm.d]# vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf[www]listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock#listen =127.0.0.1:9000listen.mode = 666user = php-fpmgroup = php-fpmpm = dynamicpm.max_children = 50pm.start_servers = 20pm.min_spare_servers = 5pm.max_spare_servers = 35pm.max_requests = 500rlimit_files = 1024request_slowlog_timeout = 2slowlog = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/www_slow.log[root@xavi php-fpm.d]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t[20-Mar-2018 21:50:45] NOTICE: configuration file /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf test is successful2.查看慢执行日志
[root@xavi php-fpm.d]# ls /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php-fpm.log ?www-slow.log[root@xavi php-fpm.d]# cat /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/www-slow.log- 我们发现已经有配置文件，但是还没有记录任何的错误；
cat /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf
php-fcgi.sock被test.com.conf占用着,在/data/nginx/test.com/下创建sleep.php文件
[root@xavi nginx]# vim /data/nginx/test.com/sleep.<?php echo "slowlog test!"; ?sleep(2);echo "done";?>错误报告：
[root@xavi nginx]# vim /data/nginx/test.com/sleep.php[root@xavi nginx]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/sleep.phpcurl: (7) Failed connect to 127.0.0.1:80; 拒绝连接设置了重复多个default 80端口，以及忘了}符号，以后测试文件及时删除
测试结果
[root@xavi vhost]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/sleep.php slowlog test!done[root@xavi vhost]# [root@xavi vhost]# ?cat /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/www-slow.log[20-Mar-2018 22:58:57] ?[pool www] pid 4662script_filename = /data/nginx/test.com/sleep.php[0x00007f5860f422e8] sleep() /data/nginx/test.com/sleep.php:1[20-Mar-2018 22:59:49] ?[pool www] pid 4664script_filename = /data/nginx/test.com/sleep.php[0x00007f5860f422e8] sleep() /data/nginx/test.com/sleep.php:1 //第一行[root@xavi vhost]# cat /data/nginx/test.com/sleep.php<?php echo "slowlog test!"; sleep(2);echo "done"; ?>错误分析2
最简单的方法是打开配置文件，查看错误日志：vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.ini
识别出来是语法错误
三、Open_basedir
如果一个server有很多个web服务，那么不建议直接把open_basedir直接配置在php.ini中了。Appache可以针对每个虚拟主机设置一个Open_basedir，php-fpm同样也可以针对不同的pool设置不同的Open_basedir.
[root@xavi vhost]# ?vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf目的：这样就完全限制了在xavi.com目录下不可以访问其它的站点资源，进行物理隔离多个站点
上述排错是打开php.ini中display_error在生产情况下是不安全的。
建立日志查错体系
vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.ini增加如下配置：搜索/error_log errot_log = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php_error.log[root@xavi vhost]# grep error_log /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.ini; server-specific log, STDERR, or a location specified by the error_log; Set maximum length of log_errors. In error_log information about the source is;error_log = php_errors.log;error_log = syslogerror_log = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php_error.log; OPcache error_log file name. Empty string assumes "stderr".;opcache.error_log=为保证日志正常输出，把该路径下的日志文件建立起来，并更改其属性
[root@xavi vhost]# touch /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php_error.log[root@xavi vhost]# chmod 777 /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php_error.log测试错误日志：
修改问conf文件一定要把php-fpm重新启动才能生效
[root@xavi vhost]# !curlcurl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/sleep.php slowlog test!done[root@xavi vhost]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm restartGracefully shutting down php-fpm . doneStarting php-fpm ?done[root@xavi vhost]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/sleep.php No input file specified.[root@xavi vhost]# !catcat /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php_error.log[20-Mar-2018 15:38:25 UTC] PHP Deprecated: ?Comments starting with ‘#‘ are deprecated in Unknown on line 1 in Unknown on line 0[20-Mar-2018 15:38:25 UTC] PHP Deprecated: ?Comments starting with ‘#‘ are deprecated in Unknown on line 1 in Unknown on line 0[20-Mar-2018 15:38:31 UTC] PHP Warning: ?Unknown: open_basedir restriction in effect. File(/data/nginx/test.com/sleep.php) is not within the allowed path(s): (/data/nginx/wwtest.com:/tmp/) in Unknown on line 0[20-Mar-2018 15:38:31 UTC] PHP Warning: ?Unknown: failed to open stream: Operation not permitted in Unknown on line 0四、php-fpm进程管理
[ ] pm = dynamic ;
动态进程管理，也可以是static,只有此处设置为dynamic，下面的配置才生效[ ] pm.max_children = 50 ;
最大子进程数，ps aux可以查看[ ] pm.start_serve = 20;启动服务时会启动的进程数
[ ] pm.min_spare_servers = 5;
定义空闲时段，子进程数的最小数量，如果达到这个数值时，php-fpm
;服务会自动派生新的子进程。[ ] pm.max_spare_servers = 35 ;
定义在空闲时段，子进程的最大值，如果高于这个数值就开始清理空闲的子进程。- [ ] pm.max_requests = 500 ;定义一个子进程最多处理的请求数，也就是说在一个php-fpm的子进程最多可以处理这么请求，当达到这个数值时，他会自动退出。
16. php-fpm配置相关
原文地址：http://blog.51cto.com/12995218/2089236