PS:如果图片模糊，鼠标右击复制图片网址，然后在浏览器中打开即可。
一、回顾系统进度以及本章概要
目前博客系统已经数据库创建、以及依赖注入Autofac集成，接下来就是日志和缓存集成，这里日志用的是Nlog,其实还有其他的日志框架如log4，这些博客园都有很多介绍，这里就不说了，缓存机制用的是微软自带的MemoryCache和比较流行Redis，这里我也只是了解使用，没有做更升入的研究，以后好好学一下Redis，然后就是实现一个BaseController父类用来重写JsonResult方法为的是返回时间格式问题，默认json返回的时间格式是Date（84923838332223）转为常见的yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss格式。
二、缓存机制实现
1、在公共程序集中创建连个文件加一个Cache用来存放缓存类，一个是Log是用来创建Nlog类，这里都使用接口来实现，以便可以以后可以多个实现。
2、首先创建一个ICacheManager接口类。
ICacheManager接口类代码：
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace _52MVCBlog.Common.Cache{ ???public interface ICacheManager ???{ ???????/// <summary> ???????// 获取 ???????// </summary> ???????// <typeparam name="TEntity"></typeparam> ???????// <param name="key"></param> ???????// <returns></returns> ???????TEntity Get<TEntity>(string key); ???????//设置 ???????void Set(string key, object value, TimeSpan cacheTime); ???????//判断是否存在 ???????bool Contains(string key); ???????//移除 ???????void Remove(string key); ???????//清除 ???????void Clear(); ???}}3、在实现微软缓存机制的时候需要引用System.Runtime.Caching.dll,创建一个MemoryCacheManager 类
MemoryCacheManager 类代码：
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Runtime.Caching;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace _52MVCBlog.Common.Cache{ ???public class MemoryCacheManager:ICacheManager ???{ ???????public TEntity Get<TEntity>(string key) ???????{ ???????????return (TEntity)MemoryCache.Default.Get(key); ???????} ???????public void Set(string key, object value, TimeSpan cacheTime) ???????{ ???????????MemoryCache.Default.Add(key, value, new CacheItemPolicy { SlidingExpiration = cacheTime }); ???????} ???????public bool Contains(string key) ???????{ ???????????return MemoryCache.Default.Contains(key); ???????} ???????public void Remove(string key) ???????{ ???????????MemoryCache.Default.Remove(key); ???????} ???????public void Clear() ???????{ ???????????foreach (var item in MemoryCache.Default) ???????????{ ???????????????this.Remove(item.Key); ???????????} ???????} ???}}4、创建SerializeHelper公共帮助类用来做系列化和反序列化，需要用nuget下载JSON.Net引用
SerializeHelper类代码：
using Newtonsoft.Json;using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace _52MVCBlog.Common{ ???public class SerializeHelper ???{ ???????/// <summary> ???????/// 序列化 ???????/// </summary> ???????/// <param name="item"></param> ???????/// <returns></returns> ???????public static byte[] Serialize(object item) ???????{ ???????????string jsonString = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(item); ???????????return Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(jsonString); ???????} ???????/// <summary> ???????/// 反序列化 ???????/// </summary> ???????/// <typeparam name="TEntity"></typeparam> ???????/// <param name="value"></param> ???????/// <returns></returns> ???????public static TEntity Deserialize<TEntity>(byte[] value) ???????{ ???????????if (value == null) ???????????{ ???????????????return default(TEntity); ???????????} ???????????var jsonString = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(value); ???????????return JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<TEntity>(jsonString); ???????} ???}}5、实现RedisCacheManager类，这里我们使用的免费的Redis客服端是StackExchange.Redis.可以在nuget中下载到。建议使用控制台命令Install-Package StackExchange.Redis -Version 1.2.6
RedisCacheManager类代码：
using StackExchange.Redis;using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Configuration;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace _52MVCBlog.Common.Cache{ ???//Install-Package StackExchange.Redis -Version 1.2.6 ???public class RedisCacheManager : ICacheManager ???{ ???????private readonly string redisConnenctionString; ???????public volatile ConnectionMultiplexer redisConnection; ???????private readonly object redisConnectionLock = new object(); ???????public RedisCacheManager() ???????{ ???????????//链接redis服务语句 ???????????string redisConfiguration = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["redisCache"].ToString(); ???????????if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(redisConfiguration)) ???????????{ ???????????????throw new ArgumentException("redis config is empty", "redisConfiguration"); ???????????} ???????????this.redisConnenctionString = redisConfiguration; ???????????this.redisConnection = GetRedisConnection(); ???????} ???????private ConnectionMultiplexer GetRedisConnection() ???????{ ???????????if (this.redisConnection != null && this.redisConnection.IsConnected) ???????????{ ???????????????return this.redisConnection; ???????????} ???????????lock (redisConnectionLock) ???????????{ ???????????????if (this.redisConnection != null) ???????????????{ ???????????????????//释放redis连接 ???????????????????this.redisConnection.Dispose(); ???????????????} ???????????????this.redisConnection = ConnectionMultiplexer.Connect(redisConnenctionString); ???????????} ???????????return this.redisConnection; ???????} ???????public TEntity Get<TEntity>(string key) ???????{ ???????????RedisValue value = this.redisConnection.GetDatabase().StringGet(key); ???????????if (value.HasValue) ???????????????return SerializeHelper.Deserialize<TEntity>(value); ???????????else ???????????????return default(TEntity); ???????} ???????public void Set(string key, object value, TimeSpan cacheTime) ???????{ ???????????if (value != null) ???????????????this.redisConnection.GetDatabase().StringSet(key, SerializeHelper.Serialize(value), cacheTime); ???????} ???????public bool Contains(string key) ???????{ ???????????return this.redisConnection.GetDatabase().KeyExists(key); ???????} ???????public void Remove(string key) ???????{ ???????????this.redisConnection.GetDatabase().KeyDelete(key); ???????} ???????public void Clear() ???????{ ???????????foreach (var endPoint in this.redisConnection.GetEndPoints()) ???????????{ ???????????????var server = this.GetRedisConnection().GetServer(endPoint); ???????????????foreach (var key in server.Keys()) ???????????????{ ???????????????????this.Remove(key); ???????????????} ???????????} ???????} ???}}三、日志处理：Nlog日志框架
1、首先实现一个日子接口ILogger
ILogger接口代码：
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace _52MVCBlog.Common.Log{ ???public interface ILogger ???{ ???????void Debug(string message); ???????void Debug(string message, Exception exception); ???????void Error(string message); ???????void Error(string message, Exception exception); ???????void Fatal(string message); ???????void Fatal(string message, Exception exception); ???????void Info(string message); ???????void Info(string message, Exception exception); ???????void Warn(string message); ???????void Warn(string message, Exception exception); ???}}2.在nuget中添加Nlog框架
Install-Package NLog -Version 5.0.0-beta11
Install-Package NLog.Schema -Version 4.5.0-rc01
Install-Package NLog.Config -Version 4.5.0-rc01
nlog.config是日志框架的配置文件。
Nloglogger类代码：
using NLog;using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace _52MVCBlog.Common.Log{ ???public class NLogLogger : ILogger ???{ ???????private readonly Logger logger = LogManager.GetCurrentClassLogger(); ???????public void Debug(string message) ???????{ ???????????logger.Debug(message); ???????} ???????public void Debug(string message, Exception exception) ???????{ ???????????logger.Debug(exception, message); ???????} ???????public void Error(string message) ???????{ ???????????logger.Error(message); ???????} ???????public void Error(string message, Exception exception) ???????{ ???????????logger.Error(exception, message); ???????} ???????public void Fatal(string message) ???????{ ???????????logger.Fatal(message); ???????} ???????public void Fatal(string message, Exception exception) ???????{ ???????????logger.Fatal(exception, message); ???????} ???????public void Info(string message) ???????{ ???????????logger.Info(message); ???????} ???????public void Info(string message, Exception exception) ???????{ ???????????logger.Info(exception, message); ???????} ???????public void Warn(string message) ???????{ ???????????logger.Warn(message); ???????} ???????public void Warn(string message, Exception exception) ???????{ ???????????logger.Warn(exception, message); ???????} ???}}3、配置日志文件NLog.config，这里是在从Common程序集拷贝到webUI层应用这个文件，因为最终日志是在web下运行。
在targets的节点下面配置，这里是以文件的方式保存日子，你也可以使用这个配置一个直接把日子写到数据库中
这里日志保存在发布站点App_Data\Logs下
在rules节点下配置 <logger name="*" minlevel="Error" writeTo="file" />表示什么级别的日志对应放在哪个配置里面。
NLog.config配置代码：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?><nlog xmlns="http://www.nlog-project.org/schemas/NLog.xsd" ?????xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" ?????xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.nlog-project.org/schemas/NLog.xsd NLog.xsd" ?????autoReload="true" ?????throwExceptions="false" ?????internalLogLevel="Off" internalLogFile="c:\temp\nlog-internal.log"> ?<!-- optional, add some variables ?https://github.com/nlog/NLog/wiki/Configuration-file#variables ?--> ?<variable name="myvar" value="myvalue"/> ?<!-- ?See https://github.com/nlog/nlog/wiki/Configuration-file ?for information on customizing logging rules and outputs. ??--> ?<targets> ???<!-- 定义输出模板： ???????type="File"：这个记录方式为文件类型 ???????fileName="${logDirectory}/All.log"：表示输出到文件All.log中 ???????layout="..."：输出文件中错误的显示格式 ???????${logDirectory}：为上述定义的路径 ???????${longdate}：输出长日期 yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.ffff(例:2013-01-31 14:49:21.2120) ???????${level}：错误等级(由低到高为Trace，Debug，Info，Warn，Error，Fatal) ???????${newline}：输出 新的一行 ???????${stacktrace}：输出 堆栈信息 ???????${callsite:className=True:fileName=True:includeSourcePath=True:methodName=True}：输出 命名空间.类名.方法名(文件路径:行号) ???????${message}：输出错误信息--> ???<target xsi:type="File" ????????????name="file" ???????????header="------------------------------Start------------------------------" ????????????footer="------------------------------End------------------------------" ???????????lineEnding="CR" ????????????fileName="${basedir}/App_Data/Logs/${shortdate}.log" ????????????layout="${longdate} - ${level:uppercase=true}:${message} ${callsite:fileName=true} ${exception:format=Type,Message,Method,StackTrace:maxInnerExceptionLevel=5:innerFormat=ShortType,Message,Method,StackTrace}" ???????????keepFileOpen="false" ???????????archiveFileName="${basedir}/App_Data/Logs/Backup_${shortdate}.{##}.log" ???????????archiveNumbering="Sequence" ???????????archiveEvery="Day" ???????????maxArchiveFiles="30"> ?????????</target> ???????<!-- ???add your targets here ???See https://github.com/nlog/NLog/wiki/Targets for possible targets. ???See https://github.com/nlog/NLog/wiki/Layout-Renderers for the possible layout renderers. ???--> ???<!-- ???Write events to a file with the date in the filename. ???<target xsi:type="File" name="f" fileName="${basedir}/logs/${shortdate}.log" ???????????layout="${longdate} ${uppercase:${level}} ${message}" /> ???--> ?</targets> ?<rules> ???<!-- add your logging rules here --> ???<logger name="*" minlevel="Error" writeTo="file"/> ???<!-- ???Write all events with minimal level of Debug (So Debug, Info, Warn, Error and Fatal, but not Trace) ?to "f" ???<logger name="*" minlevel="Debug" writeTo="f" /> ???--> ?</rules></nlog>4、日志测试
4.1在52MVCBlog.WebCore程序集下面创建Filters文件夹，在测试之前首先设置一个全局错误机制文件ExpFilter.cs继承HandleErrorAttribute，放在Filters文件夹下面（需要引用System.Web.Mvc与System.Web）
ExpFilter类代码：
using _52MVCBlog.Common.Log;using Newtonsoft.Json;using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using System.Web.Mvc;namespace _52MVCBlog.WebCore.Filters{ ???public class ExpFilter : HandleErrorAttribute ???{ ???????public override void OnException(ExceptionContext filterContext) ???????{ ???????????Exception exp = filterContext.Exception; ???????????//获取ex的第一级内部异常 ???????????Exception innerEx = exp.InnerException == null ? exp : exp.InnerException; ???????????//循环获取内部异常直到获取详细异常信息为止 ???????????while (innerEx.InnerException != null) ???????????{ ???????????????innerEx = innerEx.InnerException; ???????????} ???????????NLogLogger nlog = new NLogLogger(); ???????????if(filterContext.HttpContext.Request.IsAjaxRequest()) ???????????{ ???????????????nlog.Error(innerEx.Message); ???????????????JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new { status = 1, msg = "请求发生错误，请联系管理员" }); ???????????} ???????????else ???????????{ ???????????????nlog.Error("Error", exp); ???????????????ViewResult vireResult = new ViewResult(); ???????????????vireResult.ViewName = "/Views/Shared/Error.cshtml"; ???????????????filterContext.Result = vireResult; ???????????} ???????????//告诉MVC框架异常被处理 ???????????filterContext.ExceptionHandled = true; ???????????base.OnException(filterContext); ???????} ???}}4.2这里对两种请求方式做处理一种是Ajax请求，一种是对链接地址做处理，另外还需要在webui下创建一个错误提醒页面。（/Views/Shared/Error.cshtml）
@{ ???Layout = null;}<!DOCTYPE html><html><head> ???<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> ???<title>错误</title></head><body> ???<h2>抱歉，处理您的请求出错。</h2> ???<h3>请联系系统管理员</h3></body></html>4.3在HomeController控制器下写错误代码
4.4配置全局错误处理机制，需要在App_Start文件夹下新建FilterConfig.cs配置类，才能起作用。
FilterConfig.cs配置类代码：
using _52MVCBlog.WebCore.Filters;using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Web;using System.Web.Mvc;namespace _52MVCBlog.WebUI.App_Start{ ???public class FilterConfig ???{ ???????public static void RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilterCollection filters) ???????{ ???????????//filters.Add(new HandleErrorAttribute()); ???????????//将统一的action异常捕获过滤器ExpFilter注册成为全局 ???????????filters.Add(new ExpFilter()); ???????} ???}}在Global.asax中的Application_Start()中注册全局过滤器.
4.5日志和异常测试结果：这里直接开始执行（不调试）
然后在项目文件下查看web站点下的\App_Data\Logs查看日子文件
日志信息：错误信息，以及错误是那个文件多少行都有显示。
四、在52MVCBlog.WebCore程序集创建BaseController控制器基类
这里使用反序列化工具都是Newtonsoft.Json
JsonNetResult类继承JsonResult类，实现对首字母和时间进行格式化。代码：
using Newtonsoft.Json;using Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization;using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using System.Web.Mvc;namespace _52MVCBlog.WebCore{ ???public class JsonNetResult:JsonResult ???{ ???????public override void ExecuteResult(ControllerContext context) ???????{ ???????????if (context==null) ???????????{ ???????????????throw new ArgumentNullException("context"); ???????????} ???????????var response = context.HttpContext.Response; ???????????response.ContentType = !string.IsNullOrEmpty(base.ContentType) ? base.ContentType : "application/json"; ???????????if (base.ContentEncoding!=null) ???????????{ ???????????????response.ContentEncoding = base.ContentEncoding; ???????????} ???????????JsonSerializerSettings jsonSerialization = new JsonSerializerSettings(); ???????????//首字母小写 ???????????jsonSerialization.ContractResolver = new CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolver(); ???????????//日期格式化 ???????????jsonSerialization.DateFormatString = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"; ???????????var json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(Data, Formatting.None, jsonSerialization); ???????????response.Write(json); ???????????//base.ExecuteResult(context); ???????} ???}}BaseController继承类Controller类，返回JsonNetResult，实现返回对首字母和时间进行格式化，代码：
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using System.Web.Mvc;namespace _52MVCBlog.WebCore{ ???public class BaseController : Controller ???{ ???????protected override JsonResult Json(object data, string contentType, Encoding contentEncoding, JsonRequestBehavior behavior) ???????{ ???????????return new JsonNetResult() { Data = data, ContentType = contentType, ContentEncoding = contentEncoding, JsonRequestBehavior = behavior }; ???????} ???}}直接在创建的控制器下集成：
接下来就是准备实现页面布局，先做个简单的前台查看，后台分布的功能，然后在一步一步的完善，希望大家多多指点，多多支持，谢谢了。
【干货】利用MVC5+EF6搭建博客系统（三）添加Nlog日志、缓存机制（MemoryCache、RedisCache）、创建控制器父类BaseController
原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/wyt007/p/7886360.html