分类资讯网站爬虫之新浪

爬取新浪网导航页所有下所有大类、小类、小类里的子链接，以及子链接页面的新闻内容。

效果演示图：

废话不说，直接上代码：

items.py

import scrapyimport sysreload(sys)sys.setdefaultencoding("utf-8")class SinaItem(scrapy.Item): ???# 大类的标题 和 url ???parentTitle = scrapy.Field() ???parentUrls = scrapy.Field() ???# 小类的标题 和 子url ???subTitle = scrapy.Field() ???subUrls = scrapy.Field() ???# 小类目录存储路径 ???subFilename = scrapy.Field() ???# 小类下的子链接 ???sonUrls = scrapy.Field() ???# 文章标题和内容 ???head = scrapy.Field() ???content = scrapy.Field()

spiders/sina.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-from Sina.items import SinaItemimport scrapyimport osimport sysreload(sys)sys.setdefaultencoding("utf-8")class SinaSpider(scrapy.Spider): ???name= "sina" ???allowed_domains= ["sina.com.cn"] ???start_urls= [ ??????"http://news.sina.com.cn/guide/" ???] ???def parse(self, response): ???????items= [] ???????# 所有大类的url 和 标题 ???????parentUrls = response.xpath(‘//div[@id=\"tab01\"]/div/h3/a/@href‘).extract() ???????parentTitle = response.xpath("//div[@id=\"tab01\"]/div/h3/a/text()").extract() ???????# 所有小类的ur 和 标题 ???????subUrls ?= response.xpath(‘//div[@id=\"tab01\"]/div/ul/li/a/@href‘).extract() ???????subTitle = response.xpath(‘//div[@id=\"tab01\"]/div/ul/li/a/text()‘).extract() ???????#爬取所有大类 ???????for i in range(0, len(parentTitle)): ???????????# 指定大类目录的路径和目录名 ???????????parentFilename = "./Data/" + parentTitle[i] ???????????#如果目录不存在，则创建目录 ???????????if(not os.path.exists(parentFilename)): ???????????????os.makedirs(parentFilename) ???????????# 爬取所有小类 ???????????for j in range(0, len(subUrls)): ???????????????item = SinaItem() ???????????????# 保存大类的title和urls ???????????????item[‘parentTitle‘] = parentTitle[i] ???????????????item[‘parentUrls‘] = parentUrls[i] ???????????????# 检查小类的url是否以同类别大类url开头，如果是返回True (sports.sina.com.cn 和 sports.sina.com.cn/nba) ???????????????if_belong = subUrls[j].startswith(item[‘parentUrls‘]) ???????????????# 如果属于本大类，将存储目录放在本大类目录下 ???????????????if(if_belong): ???????????????????subFilename =parentFilename + ‘/‘+ subTitle[j] ???????????????????# 如果目录不存在，则创建目录 ???????????????????if(not os.path.exists(subFilename)): ???????????????????????os.makedirs(subFilename) ???????????????????# 存储 小类url、title和filename字段数据 ???????????????????item[‘subUrls‘] = subUrls[j] ???????????????????item[‘subTitle‘] =subTitle[j] ???????????????????item[‘subFilename‘] = subFilename ???????????????????items.append(item) ???????#发送每个小类url的Request请求，得到Response连同包含meta数据 一同交给回调函数 second_parse 方法处理 ???????for item in items: ???????????yield scrapy.Request( url = item[‘subUrls‘], meta={‘meta_1‘: item}, callback=self.second_parse) ???#对于返回的小类的url，再进行递归请求 ???def second_parse(self, response): ???????# 提取每次Response的meta数据 ???????meta_1= response.meta[‘meta_1‘] ???????# 取出小类里所有子链接 ???????sonUrls = response.xpath(‘//a/@href‘).extract() ???????items= [] ???????for i in range(0, len(sonUrls)): ???????????# 检查每个链接是否以大类url开头、以.shtml结尾，如果是返回True ???????????if_belong = sonUrls[i].endswith(‘.shtml‘) and sonUrls[i].startswith(meta_1[‘parentUrls‘]) ???????????# 如果属于本大类，获取字段值放在同一个item下便于传输 ???????????if(if_belong): ???????????????item = SinaItem() ???????????????item[‘parentTitle‘] =meta_1[‘parentTitle‘] ???????????????item[‘parentUrls‘] =meta_1[‘parentUrls‘] ???????????????item[‘subUrls‘] = meta_1[‘subUrls‘] ???????????????item[‘subTitle‘] = meta_1[‘subTitle‘] ???????????????item[‘subFilename‘] = meta_1[‘subFilename‘] ???????????????item[‘sonUrls‘] = sonUrls[i] ???????????????items.append(item) ???????#发送每个小类下子链接url的Request请求，得到Response后连同包含meta数据 一同交给回调函数 detail_parse 方法处理 ???????for item in items: ???????????????yield scrapy.Request(url=item[‘sonUrls‘], meta={‘meta_2‘:item}, callback = self.detail_parse) ???# 数据解析方法，获取文章标题和内容 ???def detail_parse(self, response): ???????item = response.meta[‘meta_2‘] ???????content = "" ???????head = response.xpath(‘//h1[@id=\"main_title\"]/text()‘) ???????content_list = response.xpath(‘//div[@id=\"artibody\"]/p/text()‘).extract() ???????# 将p标签里的文本内容合并到一起 ???????for content_one in content_list: ???????????content += content_one ???????item[‘head‘]= head ???????item[‘content‘]= content ???????yield item

pipelines.py

from scrapy import signalsimport sysreload(sys)sys.setdefaultencoding("utf-8")class SinaPipeline(object): ???def process_item(self, item, spider): ???????sonUrls = item[‘sonUrls‘] ???????# 文件名为子链接url中间部分，并将 / 替换为 _，保存为 .txt格式 ???????filename = sonUrls[7:-6].replace(‘/‘,‘_‘) ???????filename += ".txt" ???????fp = open(item[‘subFilename‘]+‘/‘+filename, ‘w‘) ???????fp.write(item[‘content‘]) ???????fp.close() ???????return item

settings.py

BOT_NAME = ‘Sina‘SPIDER_MODULES = [‘Sina.spiders‘]NEWSPIDER_MODULE = ‘Sina.spiders‘ITEM_PIPELINES = { ???‘Sina.pipelines.SinaPipeline‘: 300,}LOG_LEVEL = ‘DEBUG‘

在项目根目录下新建main.py文件,用于调试

from scrapy import cmdlinecmdline.execute(‘scrapy crawl sina‘.split())

执行程序

py2 main.py

分类资讯网站爬虫之新浪

原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/hu88888888/p/7857391.html