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webService与Controller的用法

发布时间：2023-09-06 01:16责任编辑：彭小芳关键词：暂无标签

一. RestFul WebService的创建：
本例使用SpringMVC来写RestFul Web Service。

1.创建【Dynamic Web Prject】

2.添加代码：
RestFul.java：

[java]view plaincopy
  1. packagecom.webservice;
  4. importjava.io.OutputStreamWriter;
  5. importjava.io.PrintWriter;
  6. importjava.util.ArrayList;
  7. importjava.util.List;
  10. importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
  11. importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
  14. importnet.sf.json.JSONArray;
  17. importorg.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
  18. importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
  19. importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
  20. importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
  21. importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
  24. @Controller
  25. @RequestMapping(value="/getData")
  26. publicclassRestFul{
  28. //http://localhost:8080/RestWebService/getData?userName=sun方式的调用
  29. @RequestMapping
  30. publicvoidprintData1(HttpServletRequestrequest,HttpServletResponseresponse,
  31. @RequestParam(value="userName",defaultValue="User")Stringname){
  32. Stringmsg="Welcome"+name;
  33. printData(response,msg);
  34. }
  37. //http://localhost:8080/RestWebService/getData/Sun/Royi方式的调用
  38. @RequestMapping(value="/{firstName}/{lastName}")
  39. publicvoidprintData2(HttpServletRequestrequest,HttpServletResponseresponse,
  40. @PathVariableStringfirstName,@PathVariableStringlastName){
  41. Stringmsg="Welcome"+firstName+""+lastName;
  42. printData(response,msg);
  43. }
  45. //转换成HTML形式返回
  46. privatevoidprintData(HttpServletResponseresponse,Stringmsg){
  47. try{
  48. response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
  49. response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
  50. PrintWriterout=newPrintWriter(newOutputStreamWriter(response.getOutputStream(),"UTF-8"));
  51. out.println(msg);
  52. out.close();
  53. }catch(Exceptione){
  54. e.printStackTrace();
  55. }
  56. }
  58. //http://localhost:8080/RestWebService/getData/json?item=0方式的调用
  59. @RequestMapping(value="/json")
  60. publicvoidprintData3(HttpServletRequestrequest,HttpServletResponseresponse,
  61. @RequestParam(value="item",defaultValue="0")Stringitem){
  62. printDataJason(response,item);
  63. }
  66. //http://localhost:8080/RestWebService/getData/json/1方式的调用
  67. @RequestMapping(value="/json/{item}")
  68. publicvoidprintData4(HttpServletRequestrequest,HttpServletResponseresponse,
  69. @PathVariableStringitem){
  70. printDataJason(response,item);
  71. }
  73. //JSON格式化
  74. privatevoidprintDataJason(HttpServletResponseresponse,Stringitem){
  75. try{
  76. response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
  77. response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
  78. PrintWriterout=newPrintWriter(newOutputStreamWriter(response.getOutputStream(),"UTF-8"));
  80. List<UserInfo>uiList=newArrayList<UserInfo>();
  81. for(inti=0;i<3;i++)
  82. {
  83. UserInfoui=newUserInfo();
  84. ui.ID=i;
  85. ui.Name="SUN"+i;
  86. ui.Position="Position"+i;
  87. uiList.add(ui);
  89. if(!item.equals("0")){
  90. JSONArrayjsonArr=JSONArray.fromObject(uiList.get(0));
  91. out.println(jsonArr);
  92. }
  93. else{
  94. JSONArrayjsonArr=JSONArray.fromObject(uiList);
  95. out.println(jsonArr);
  96. //out.println(uiList);
  97. }
  99. out.close();
  100. }catch(Exceptione){
  101. e.printStackTrace();
  102. }
  103. }
  104. }


UserInfo.java

[java]view plaincopy
  1. packagecom.webservice;
  3. publicclassUserInfo{
  5. IntegerID;
  7. StringName;
  9. StringPosition;
  11. publicIntegergetID(){
  12. returnID;
  13. }
  15. publicvoidsetID(IntegeriD){
  16. ID=iD;
  17. }
  19. publicStringgetName(){
  20. returnName;
  21. }
  23. publicvoidsetName(Stringname){
  24. Name=name;
  25. }
  27. publicStringgetPosition(){
  28. returnPosition;
  29. }
  31. publicvoidsetPosition(Stringposition){
  32. Position=position;
  33. }
  35. }


3.SpringMVC框架需要修改一些配置：
web.xml

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  1. <?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
  2. <web-appxmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaeehttp://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"version="3.0">
  3. <display-name>RestWebService</display-name>
  5. <!--spring-->
  6. <servlet>
  7. <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
  8. <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  9. <init-param>
  10. <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
  11. <param-value>/WEB-INF/springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
  12. </init-param>
  13. <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
  14. </servlet>
  16. <servlet-mapping>
  17. <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
  18. <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  19. </servlet-mapping>
  20. </web-app>
[html]view plaincopy
  1. springmvc-servlet.xml：
  2. <prename="code"><?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
  3. <beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  4. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  5. xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  6. xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
  7. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
  8. http://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
  9. http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvchttp://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
  11. <context:annotation-config/>
  13. <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
  15. <!--默认访问跳转到登录页面-->
  16. <mvc:view-controllerpath="/"view-name="redirect:/getData"/>
  18. <!--Scanstheclasspathofthisapplicationfor@Componentstodeployasbeans-->
  19. <context:component-scanbase-package="com.webservice">
  20. <context:include-filtertype="annotation"expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
  21. </context:component-scan>
  23. <!--采用SpringMVC自带的JSON转换工具，支持@ResponseBody注解-->
  24. <bean>
  25. <propertyname="messageConverters">
  26. <list>
  27. <refbean="stringHttpMessageConverter"/>
  28. <refbean="jsonHttpMessageConverter"/>
  29. </list>
  30. </property>
  31. </bean>
  33. <bean>
  34. <propertyname="supportedMediaTypes">
  35. <list>
  36. <value>text/plain;charset=UTF-8</value>
  37. </list>
  38. </property>
  39. </bean>
  41. <!--Configuresthe@Controllerprogrammingmodel-->
  42. <mvc:annotation-driven/>
  44. </beans>

rest-servlet.xml

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  1. <?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
  2. <beans:beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
  3. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  4. xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  5. xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  6. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvchttp://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
  7. http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
  8. http://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
  10. <!--EnablestheSpringMVC@Controllerprogrammingmodel-->
  11. <annotation-driven/>
  13. <!--forprocessingrequestswithannotatedcontrollermethodsandsetMessageConvertorsfromthelistofconvertors-->
  14. <beans:bean>
  15. <beans:propertyname="messageConverters">
  16. <beans:list>
  17. <beans:refbean="jsonMessageConverter"/>
  18. </beans:list>
  19. </beans:property>
  20. </beans:bean>
  22. <!--ToconvertJSONtoObjectandviceversa-->
  23. <beans:bean>
  24. </beans:bean>
  26. <context:component-scanbase-package="net.javaonline.spring.restful"/>
  28. </beans:beans>

4.用到的Jar包：
[plain]view plaincopy
  1. commons-beanutils-1.8.0.jar
  2. commons-collections-3.2.1.jar
  3. commons-lang-2.5.jar
  4. commons-logging-1.1.1.jar
  5. commons-logging-1.1.3.jar
  6. ezmorph-1.0.6.jar
  7. jackson-all-1.9.0.jar
  8. jackson-annotations-2.2.1.jar
  9. jackson-core-2.2.1.jar
  10. jackson-core-asl-1.7.1.jar
  11. jackson-core-asl-1.8.8.jar
  12. jackson-databind-2.2.1.jar
  13. jackson-jaxrs-1.7.1.jar
  14. jackson-mapper-asl-1.7.1.jar
  15. jackson-mapper-asl-1.8.8.jar
  16. jackson-module-jaxb-annotations-2.2.1.jar
  17. json-lib-2.4-jdk15.jar
  18. jstl-1.2.jar
  19. servlet-api-2.5.jar
  20. spring-aop-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
  21. spring-beans-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
  22. spring-context-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
  23. spring-core-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
  24. spring-expression-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
  25. spring-jdbc-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
  26. spring-orm-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
  27. spring-test-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
  28. spring-tx-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
  29. spring-web-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar
  30. spring-webmvc-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar

5.将RestWebService项目部署到Tomcat即可。
（部署方法略）

二. RestFul WebService的调用：
方法1：用HttpClient调用：
1.创建【Java Project】：
方法1：用HttpClient调用：
1.创建【Java Project】：
Rest.java：
[java]view plaincopy
  1. packagecom.httpclientforrest;
  3. importjava.util.ArrayList;
  4. importjava.util.List;
  5. importorg.apache.http.HttpEntity;
  6. importorg.apache.http.NameValuePair;
  7. importorg.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
  8. importorg.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
  9. importorg.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
  10. importorg.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
  11. importorg.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
  12. importorg.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
  13. importorg.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
  15. publicclassRest{
  17. publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){
  18. List<NameValuePair>params=newArrayList<NameValuePair>();
  19. params.add(newBasicNameValuePair("userName","Sun"));
  21. Stringurl="http://localhost:8080/RestWebService/getData";
  23. System.out.println(getRest(url,params));
  24. }
  26. publicstaticStringgetRest(Stringurl,List<NameValuePair>params){
  27. //创建默认的httpClient实例.
  28. CloseableHttpClienthttpclient=HttpClients.createDefault();
  29. //创建httppost
  30. HttpPosthttppost=newHttpPost(url);
  32. UrlEncodedFormEntityuefEntity;
  34. try{
  35. uefEntity=newUrlEncodedFormEntity(params,"UTF-8");
  36. httppost.setEntity(uefEntity);
  37. CloseableHttpResponseresponse=httpclient.execute(httppost);
  38. HttpEntityentity=response.getEntity();
  39. Stringjson=EntityUtils.toString(entity,"UTF-8");
  40. intcode=response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
  41. if(code==200||code==204){
  42. returnjson;
  43. }
  44. }catch(Exceptione){
  45. e.printStackTrace();
  46. }
  48. return"";
  49. }
  50. }

执行结果：
[plain]view plaincopy
  1. WelcomeSun
[html]view plaincopy
  1. 方法2：在JSP页面用JQuery调用：
  3. 1.创建【DynamicWebPrject】
  4. 相关配置文件和创建RestFulWebService相同。
  6. 2.建一个JSP页面：
  7. rest.jsp：
  8. <prename="code"><%@pagelanguage="java"import="java.util.*"pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
  9. <%
  10. Stringpath=request.getContextPath();
  11. StringbasePath=request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
  12. %>
  14. <!DOCTYPEHTMLPUBLIC"-//W3C//DTDHTML4.01Transitional//EN">
  15. <html>
  16. <head>
  17. <basehref="<%=basePath%>">
  19. <title>RestfilWebService</title>
  20. <metahttp-equiv="pragma"content="no-cache">
    21. 	
	

	


	
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