本文内容参考微软工程师Nate McMaster的博文.NET Core 2.1 Global Tools
用过npm开发都知道，npm包都可以以全局的方式安装，例如安装一个http-server服务，可以使用npm i http-server -g来将http-server包安装到全局环境。安装完之后，就可以通过cmd或者powershell运行全局工具http-server命令，来使用静态托管服务。dotnet tool 就是一个类似npm全局工具的新特性，在.net core2.1正式加入。它的详细使用方法可在微软官方文档查看，本文主要介绍如何编写一个global tool并发布至nuget。
安装.net core 2.1
安装最新版.net core SDK 可前往DotNet官方站点的下载页面，下载完成后双击安装即可。安装完成后打开cmd运行dotnet --version 返回版本大于或等于2.1.300表示安装成功。
安装global tool 项目模板
打开cmd 键入dotnet new --install McMaster.DotNet.GlobalTool.Templates安装完成后运行dotnet new
模板 ???????????????????????????????????????????????短名称 ???????????????语言 ???????????????标记----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Console Application ??????????????????????????????console ???????????[C#], F#, VB ?????Common/ConsoleClass library ????????????????????????????????????classlib ??????????[C#], F#, VB ?????Common/Library.NET Core Global Console Tool ????????????????????global-tool ???????[C#] ?????????????Console/EmptyUnit Test Project ????????????????????????????????mstest ????????????[C#], F#, VB ?????Test/MSTestxUnit Test Project ???????????????????????????????xunit ?????????????[C#], F#, VB ?????Test/xUnitRazor Page ???????????????????????????????????????page ??????????????[C#] ?????????????Web/ASP.NETMVC ViewImports ??????????????????????????????????viewimports ???????[C#] ?????????????Web/ASP.NETMVC ViewStart ????????????????????????????????????viewstart ?????????[C#] ?????????????Web/ASP.NETASP.NET Core Empty ???????????????????????????????web ???????????????[C#], F# ?????????Web/EmptyASP.NET Core Web App (Model-View-Controller) ?????mvc ???????????????[C#], F# ?????????Web/MVCASP.NET Core Web App ?????????????????????????????razor ?????????????[C#] ?????????????Web/MVC/Razor PagesASP.NET Core with Angular ????????????????????????angular ???????????[C#] ?????????????Web/MVC/SPAASP.NET Core with React.js ???????????????????????react ?????????????[C#] ?????????????Web/MVC/SPAASP.NET Core with React.js and Redux ?????????????reactredux ????????[C#] ?????????????Web/MVC/SPARazor Class Library ??????????????????????????????razorclasslib ?????[C#] ?????????????Web/Razor/Library/Razor Class LibraryASP.NET Core Web API ?????????????????????????????webapi ????????????[C#], F# ?????????Web/WebAPIglobal.json file ?????????????????????????????????globaljson ??????????????????????????ConfigNuGet Config ?????????????????????????????????????nugetconfig ?????????????????????????ConfigWeb Config ???????????????????????????????????????webconfig ???????????????????????????ConfigSolution File ????????????????????????????????????sln ?????????????????????????????????Solution多出一个global-tool模板
.NET Core Global Console Tool ????????????????????global-tool ???????[C#] ?????????????Console/Empty编写一个网页下载工具
接下来通过编写一个网页下载的小工具来演示global tool的创建过程，此小工具的功能是根据网址，下载相应的页面html并保存为文件。
首先新建一个WebDownloader文件夹。在文件夹中运行dotnet new global-tool生成项目如下
objProgram.csWebDownloader.csproj打开WebDownloader.csproj修改为
<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk"> ?<PropertyGroup> ???<ToolCommandName>web-downloader</ToolCommandName> ???<PackAsTool>True</PackAsTool> ???<OutputType>Exe</OutputType> ???<TargetFramework>netcoreapp2.1</TargetFramework> ?</PropertyGroup> ?<ItemGroup> ???<PackageReference Include="McMaster.Extensions.CommandLineUtils" Version="2.2.3" /> ?</ItemGroup></Project>打开Program.cs修改为
using System;using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;using System.IO;using System.Net.Http;using McMaster.Extensions.CommandLineUtils;namespace WebDownloader{ ???[Command(Description = "网页下载小工具")] ???class Program ???{ ???????public static int Main(string[] args) => CommandLineApplication.Execute<Program>(args); ???????[Argument(0, Description = "网址")] ???????[Required] ???????public string Url { get; } ???????[Option(Description = "保存路径")] ???????public string Path { get; } = "./"; ???????[Option(Description = "文件名")] ???????public string Name { get; } = "content.txt"; ???????private int OnExecute() ???????{ ???????????var client = new HttpClient(); ???????????var content = client.GetStringAsync(Url).Result; ???????????var path = System.IO.Path.Combine(Path, Name); ???????????File.WriteAllText(path, content); ???????????return 0; ???????} ???}}修改完成后全部保存文件，运行dotnet pack -o ./会在项目根目录生成一个WebDownloader.1.0.0.nupkg包。此包就是最终的nuget包，可上传至nuget.org共享。
为了测试，我们直接将此包安装至本地计算机。运行dotnet tool install WebDownloader -g --add-source ./完成安装。运行web-downloader -h可以看到项目帮助文档
网页下载小工具Usage: WebDownloader [arguments] [options]Arguments: ?Url ??????????????网址Options: ?-p|--path <PATH> ?保存路径 ?-n|--name <NAME> ?文件名 ?-?|-h|--help ?????Show help information运行web-downloader http://www.sina.com后我们发现项目根目录生成了一个content.txt文件内容为新浪的首页html
<!DOCTYPE html><!-- [ published at 2018-05-31 23:35:00 ] --><html><head> ???<meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> ???<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" /> ???<title>新浪首页</title> ???<meta name="keywords" content="新浪,新浪网,SINA,sina,sina.com.cn,新浪首页,门户,资讯" /> ???<meta name="description" content="新浪网为全球用户24小时提供全面及时的中文资讯，内容覆盖国内外突发新闻事件、体坛赛事、娱乐时尚、产业资讯、实用信息等，设有新闻、体育、娱乐、财经、科技、房产、汽车等30多个内容频道，同时开设博客、视频、论坛等自由互动交流空间。" /> ???<link rel="mask-icon" sizes="any" href="//www.sina.com.cn/favicon.svg" color="red"> ???<meta name="stencil" content="PGLS000022" /> ???<meta name="publishid" content="30,131,1" /> ???<meta name="verify-v1" content="6HtwmypggdgP1NLw7NOuQBI2TW8+CfkYCoyeB8IDbn8=" /> ???<meta name="360-site-verification" content="63349a2167ca11f4b9bd9a8d48354541" /> ???<meta name="application-name" content="新浪首页"/> ???<meta name ="msapplication-TileImage" content="//i1.sinaimg.cn/dy/deco/2013/0312/logo.png"/> ???<meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ffbf27"/> ???<meta name="sogou_site_verification" content="Otg5irx9wL"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="//i3.sinaimg.cn/home/2013/0331/U586P30DT20130331093840.png" />......如果不再使用此工具通过dotnet tool uninstall WebDownloader -g卸载即可。
尝鲜.net core2.1 ——编写一个global tool
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/huanent/p/9119213.html