1纯文本的表单:
1:get请求,通过url明文传递参数,不安全而且参数大小有限制。在servlet中可以使用如下代码获取参数字符串:
???protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) ???????????throws ServletException, IOException { ???????String queryString = request.getQueryString(); ???????System.out.println(queryString); ???}
打印内容:
name=GET_NAME&password=GET_PASSWORD //表单只有两个属性
2:post请求,对于上传数据必须使用post请求,理论上讲,POST是没有大小限制的。HTTP协议规范也没有进行大小限制,起限制作用的是服务器的处理程序的处理能力。post请求如下方法获取请求参数:
???protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) ???????????throws ServletException, IOException { ???????// 1. 获取表单数据流 ???????InputStream in = request.getInputStream(); ???????// 2. 转换流 ???????InputStreamReader inStream = new InputStreamReader(in, "UTF-8"); ???????// 3. 缓冲流 ???????BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(inStream); ???????// 输出数据 ???????String str = null; ???????while ((str = reader.readLine()) != null) { ???????????System.out.println(str); ???????} ???????// 关闭 ???????reader.close(); ???????inStream.close(); ???????in.close(); ???}
同一个表单打印数据如下:
name=POST_NAME&password=POST_PASSWORD
2上传数据的表单:
必须使用post方法,而且form必须设置enctype="multipart/form-data"属性,例如:
???<div align="center"> ???????<form action="fileLoad" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"> ???????????Name:<input name="name" type="text" /> <br> ???????????Password:<input type="file" name="uploadfile" /><br> ???????????<button type="submit">发送</button> ???????</form> ???</div>
表单中enctype="multipart/form-data"的意思,是设置表单的MIME编码。默认情况,这个编码格式是application/x-www-form-urlencoded,不能用于文件上传;只有使用了multipart/form-data,才能完整的传递文件数据。
此时如果后台还是按照前面post获取数据的方式直接使用流获取数据的话,你会发现上传的文件错误,错误示例代码:
???/** ????* 上传文件损坏 ????* @param request ????* @param response ????* @throws Exception ????*/ ???public static void uploadError(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { ???????// 上传错误:没能过滤掉一些控制信息 ???????InputStream in = request.getInputStream(); //这个流是所有的表单字段数据和文件数据的总和 ???????byte[] b = new byte[1024]; ???????FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream( ???????????????new File("servlet-fileupload.avi")); ???????int bytesRead = 0; ???????while ((bytesRead = in.read(b)) > 0) { //此处我们将所有数据都认为是上传数据,所以导致上传文件损坏 ???????????out.write(b, 0, bytesRead); ???????????out.flush(); ???????} ???????out.flush(); ???????out.close(); ???????in.close(); ???????System.out.println("完毕!"); ???}
切记:以上是错误示例!!!
下面是一个正确的示例:
???protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) ???????????throws ServletException, IOException { ???????//判断是一个多媒体内容 ???????if (ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(request)) { ???????????try { ???????????????DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory(); ???????????????factory.setSizeThreshold(MEMORY_THRESHOLD); ???????????????ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory); ???????????????// 设置最大文件上传值 ???????????????upload.setFileSizeMax(MAX_FILE_SIZE); ???????????????List<FileItem> items = upload.parseRequest(request); ???????????????????????????????for (int i = 0, size = items.size(); i < size; i++) { ???????????????????FileItem item = items.get(i); ???????????????????if (!item.isFormField()) {// isFormField: true表示是表单的一个属性,false表示一个上传文件 ???????????????????????File file = new File("upload-daxin.flv");//文件名可以使用上传文件的实际名称,示例就略过了 ???????????????????????item.write(file); ???????????????????} ???????????????} ???????????} catch (Exception e) { ???????????????e.printStackTrace(); ???????????} ???????} ???}
写的相对简单,总要分享的是思路。多多包涵!
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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/leodaxin/p/7509889.html