架构图:
使用的数据库:
一张公司的员工信息表，测试数据
解决方案项目设计：
1.新建一个空白解决方案名称为Company
2.在该解决方案下,新建解决方案文件夹(UI,BLL,DAL,Model) 当然还可以加上common
3.分别在BLL,DAL,Model 解决方案文件夹下创建类库项目
(1).BLL解决方案文件夹: Company.BLL、Company.IBLL、Company.BLLContainer
(2).DAL解决方案文件夹: Company.DAL、Company.IDAL、Company.DALContainer
(3).Model解决方案文件夹:Company.Model
4.在UI 解决方案文件夹下添加一个ASP.NET Web应用程序,名称为Company.UI，选择我们的Mvc模板. 如图:
Model层: 选中Company.Model,右键=>添加=>新建项=>添加一个ADO.NET实体数据模型名称为Company=>选择来自数据库的EF设计器=>新建连接=>选择我们的Company数据库填入相应的内容
选择我们的Staff表，完成后如图:
这时Model层已经完成.我们的数据库连接字符串以及ef的配置都在App.Config里,但我们项目运行的是我们UI层的Web应用程序,所以我们这里要把App.Config里的配置复制到UI层的Web.Config中数据访问层:因为每一个实体都需要进行增删改查,所以我们这里封装一个基类.选中Company.IDAL,右键=>添加一个名称为IBaseDAL的接口=>写下公用的方法签名
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。作者：卷猫链接：http://anneke.cn/ArticleInfo/Detial?id=11来源：Anneke.cnusing System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Linq.Expressions;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace Company.IDAL{ ???public partial interface IBaseDAL<T> where T : class, new() ???{ ???????void Add(T t); ???????void Delete(T t); ???????void Update(T t); ???????IQueryable<T> GetModels(Expression<Func<T, bool>> whereLambda); ???????IQueryable<T> GetModelsByPage<type>(int pageSize, int pageIndex, bool isAsc, Expression<Func<T, type>> OrderByLambda, Expression<Func<T, bool>> WhereLambda); ???????/// <summary> ???????/// 一个业务中有可能涉及到对多张表的操作,那么可以将操作的数据,打上相应的标记,最后调用该方法,将数据一次性提交到数据库中,避免了多次链接数据库。 ???????/// </summary> ???????bool SaveChanges(); ???}}基类接口封装完成.然后选中Company.IDAL,右键=>添加一个名称为IStaffDAL的接口=>继承自基类接口
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。作者：卷猫链接：http://anneke.cn/ArticleInfo/Detial?id=11来源：Anneke.cnusing System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using Company.Model; namespace Company.IDAL{ ???public partial ?interface IStaffDAL:IBaseDAL<Staff> ???{ ???}}IDAL完成，接下来是DAL 选中Company.DAL=>右键=>添加一个类,名称为:BaseDAL,该类是我们对IBaseDAL具体的实现,我们这里需要用到ef上下文对象，所以添加引用EntityFramework.dll和EntityFramework.SqlServer.dll(这里是ef6版本不同引用的dll也可能不同) 上面说到我们这里要用到ef下上文对象,我们这里不能直接new,因为这样的话可能会造成数据混乱,所以要让ef上下文对象保证线程内唯一。 我们选中Company.DAL=>右键=>添加一个类.名称为DbContextFactory.通过这个类才创建ef上下文对象.
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。作者：卷猫链接：http://anneke.cn/ArticleInfo/Detial?id=11来源：Anneke.cnusing System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Data.Entity;using System.Linq;using System.Runtime.Remoting.Messaging;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using Company.Model; namespace Company.DAL{ ???public partial class DbContextFactory ???{ ???????/// <summary> ???????/// 创建EF上下文对象,已存在就直接取,不存在就创建,保证线程内是唯一。 ???????/// </summary> ???????public static DbContext Create() ???????{ ???????????DbContext dbContext = CallContext.GetData("DbContext") as DbContext; ???????????if (dbContext==null) ???????????{ ???????????????dbContext=new CompanyEntities(); ???????????????CallContext.SetData("DbContext",dbContext); ???????????} ???????????return dbContext; ???????} ???}}EF上下文对象创建工厂完成,这时我们来完成我们的BaseDAL
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。作者：卷猫链接：http://anneke.cn/ArticleInfo/Detial?id=11来源：Anneke.cnusing System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Data.Entity;using System.Data.Entity.Migrations;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using Company.IDAL;using System.Linq.Expressions; namespace Company.DAL{ ???public partial class BaseDAL<T> where T : class, new() ???{ ???????private DbContext dbContext = DbContextFactory.Create(); ???????public void Add(T t) ???????{ ???????????dbContext.Set<T>().Add(t); ???????} ???????public void Delete(T t) ???????{ ???????????dbContext.Set<T>().Remove(t); ???????} ???????public void Update(T t) ???????{ ???????????dbContext.Set<T>().AddOrUpdate(t); ???????} ???????public IQueryable<T> GetModels(Expression<Func<T, bool>> whereLambda) ???????{ ???????????return dbContext.Set<T>().Where(whereLambda); ???????} ???????public IQueryable<T> GetModelsByPage<type>(int pageSize, int pageIndex, bool isAsc, ???????????Expression<Func<T, type>> OrderByLambda, Expression<Func<T, bool>> WhereLambda) ???????{ ???????????//是否升序 ???????????if (isAsc) ???????????{ ???????????????return dbContext.Set<T>().Where(WhereLambda).OrderBy(OrderByLambda).Skip((pageIndex - 1) * pageSize).Take(pageSize); ???????????} ???????????else ???????????{ ???????????????return dbContext.Set<T>().Where(WhereLambda).OrderByDescending(OrderByLambda).Skip((pageIndex - 1) * pageSize).Take(pageSize); ???????????} ???????} ???????public bool SaveChanges() ???????{ ???????????return dbContext.SaveChanges() > 0; ???????} ???}}BaseDAL完成后,我们在添加一个类名称为StaffDAL,继承自BaseDAL，实现IStaffDAL接口
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。作者：卷猫链接：http://anneke.cn/ArticleInfo/Detial?id=11来源：Anneke.cnusing System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using Company.IDAL;using Company.Model; namespace Company.DAL{ ???public partial class StaffDAL:BaseDAL<Staff>,IStaffDAL ???{ ???}}StaffDAL完成后，我们要完成的是DALContainer,该类库主要是创建IDAL的实例对象,我们这里可以自己写一个工厂也可以通过一些第三方的IOC框架,这里使用Autofac 1.选中DALContainer=>右键=>管理Nuget程序包=>搜索Autofac=>下载安装对应,net版本的AutoFac 2.安装完成后,我们在DALContainer下添加一个名为Container的类.
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。作者：卷猫链接：http://anneke.cn/ArticleInfo/Detial?id=11来源：Anneke.cnusing Autofac;using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using Company.DAL;using Company.IDAL; namespace Company.DALContainer{ ???public class Container ???{ ???????/// <summary> ???????/// IOC 容器 ???????/// </summary> ???????public static IContainer container = null; ???????/// <summary> ???????/// 获取 IDal 的实例化对象 ???????/// </summary> ???????/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> ???????/// <returns></returns> ???????public static T Resolve<T>() ???????{ ???????????try ???????????{ ???????????????if (container == null) ???????????????{ ???????????????????Initialise(); ???????????????} ???????????} ???????????catch (System.Exception ex) ???????????{ ???????????????throw new System.Exception("IOC实例化出错!" + ex.Message); ???????????} ???????????return container.Resolve<T>(); ???????} ???????/// <summary> ???????/// 初始化 ???????/// </summary> ???????public static void Initialise() ???????{ ???????????var builder = new ContainerBuilder(); ???????????//格式：builder.RegisterType<xxxx>().As<Ixxxx>().InstancePerLifetimeScope(); ???????????builder.RegisterType<StaffDAL>().As<IStaffDAL>().InstancePerLifetimeScope(); ???????????container = builder.Build(); ???????} ???}}这时候我们数据访问层已经完成,结构如下
业务逻辑层:
选中Company.IBLL,右键=>添加一个接口,名称为IBaseService,里面也是封装的一些公用方法
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。作者：卷猫链接：http://anneke.cn/ArticleInfo/Detial?id=11来源：Anneke.cnusing System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Linq.Expressions;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace Company.IBLL{ ???public partial interface IBaseService<T> where T:class ,new() ???{ ???????bool Add(T t); ???????bool Delete(T t); ???????bool Update(T t); ???????IQueryable<T> GetModels(Expression<Func<T, bool>> whereLambda); ???????IQueryable<T> GetModelsByPage<type>(int pageSize, int pageIndex, bool isAsc, Expression<Func<T, type>> OrderByLambda, Expression<Func<T, bool>> WhereLambda); ???}}IBaseService完成后,我们继续添加一个接口，名称为IStaffService,继承自IBaseService
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。作者：卷猫链接：http://anneke.cn/ArticleInfo/Detial?id=11来源：Anneke.cnusing System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using Company.Model; namespace Company.IBLL{ ???public partial interface IStaffService : IBaseService<Staff> ???{ ???}}Company.IBLL,完成后,我们开始完成BLL 选中Company.BLL=>右键=>添加一个类,名称为BaseService，这个类是对IBaseService的具体实现. 这个类需要调用IDAL接口实例的方法，不知道具体调用哪一个IDAL实例,我这里只有一张Staff表，也就只有一个IStaffDAL的实例,但是如果我们这里有很多表的话，就有很多IDAL接口实例，这时我们的基类BaseService不知道调用哪一个，但是继承它的子类知道. 所以我们这里把BaseService定义成抽象类,写一个IBaseDAL的属性，再写一个抽象方法,该方法的调用写在 BaseService默认的无参构造函数内,当BaseService创建实例的时候会执行这个抽象方法,然后执行子类重写它的方法 为IBaseDAL属性赋一个具体的IDAL实例对象.
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。作者：卷猫链接：http://anneke.cn/ArticleInfo/Detial?id=11来源：Anneke.cnusing System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Linq.Expressions;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using Company.IDAL; namespace Company.BLL{ ???public abstract partial class BaseService<T> where T : class, new() ???{ ???????public BaseService() ???????{ ???????????SetDal(); ???????} ???????public IBaseDAL<T> Dal{get;set;}; ???????public abstract void SetDal(); ???????????????public bool Add(T t) ???????{ ???????????Dal.Add(t); ???????????return Dal.SaveChanges(); ???????} ???????public bool Delete(T t) ???????{ ???????????Dal.Delete(t); ???????????return Dal.SaveChanges(); ???????} ???????public bool Update(T t) ???????{ ???????????Dal.Update(t); ???????????return Dal.SaveChanges(); ???????} ???????public IQueryable<T> GetModels(Expression<Func<T, bool>> whereLambda) ???????{ ???????????return Dal.GetModels(whereLambda); ???????} ???????public IQueryable<T> GetModelsByPage<type>(int pageSize, int pageIndex, bool isAsc, ???????????Expression<Func<T, type>> OrderByLambda, Expression<Func<T, bool>> WhereLambda) ???????{ ???????????return Dal.GetModelsByPage(pageSize, pageIndex, isAsc, OrderByLambda, WhereLambda); ???????} ???}}基类BaseService完成后，我们去完成子类StaffService,添加一个类名称为StaffService,继承BaseService,实现IStaffService,重写父类的抽象方法,为父类的IBaseDAL属性赋值
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。作者：卷猫链接：http://anneke.cn/ArticleInfo/Detial?id=11来源：Anneke.cnusing System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using Company.IBLL;using Company.IDAL;using Company.Model; namespace Company.BLL{ ???public partial class StaffService : BaseService<Staff>, IStaffService ???{ ???????private IStaffDAL StaffDAL = DALContainer.Container.Resolve<IStaffDAL>(); ???????public override void SetDal() ???????{ ???????????Dal = StaffDAL; ???????} ???}}子类完成后,我们选中BLLContainer添加一个名为Container的类,添加对Autofac.dll 的引用,该类是创建IBLL的实例
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。作者：卷猫链接：http://anneke.cn/ArticleInfo/Detial?id=11来源：Anneke.cnusing Autofac;using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using Company.BLL;using Company.IBLL; namespace Company.BLLContainer{ ??public class Container ???{ ???????/// <summary> ???????/// IOC 容器 ???????/// </summary> ???????public static IContainer container = null; ???????/// <summary> ???????/// 获取 IDal 的实例化对象 ???????/// </summary> ???????/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> ???????/// <returns></returns> ???????public static T Resolve<T>() ???????{ ???????????try ???????????{ ???????????????if (container == null) ???????????????{ ???????????????????Initialise(); ???????????????} ???????????} ???????????catch (System.Exception ex) ???????????{ ???????????????throw new System.Exception("IOC实例化出错!" + ex.Message); ???????????} ???????????return container.Resolve<T>(); ???????} ???????/// <summary> ???????/// 初始化 ???????/// </summary> ???????public static void Initialise() ???????{ ???????????var builder = new ContainerBuilder(); ???????????//格式：builder.RegisterType<xxxx>().As<Ixxxx>().InstancePerLifetimeScope(); ???????????builder.RegisterType<StaffService>().As<IStaffService>().InstancePerLifetimeScope(); ???????????container = builder.Build(); ???????} ???}}业务逻辑层完成0
,
表现层:
添加对EntityFramework.SqlServer.dll 的引用,不然会报错. 我们这里写个简单的增删改查测试一下,过程就不具体描述了,
视图:
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。作者：卷猫链接：http://anneke.cn/ArticleInfo/Detial?id=11来源：Anneke.cn@using Company.Model@model List<Company.Model.Staff>@{ ???Layout = null;}<!DOCTYPE html><html><head> ???<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> ???<title>Index</title></head><body><div> ???<h1>简单的画一个表格展示数据</h1> ???<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> ???????<tr> ???????????<th>ID</th> ???????????<th>姓名</th> ???????????<th>年龄</th> ???????????<th>性别</th> ???????</tr> ???????@foreach (Staff staff in Model) ???????{ ???????????<tr> ???????????????<td>@staff.Id</td> ???????????????<td>@staff.Name</td> ???????????????<td>@staff.Age</td> ???????????????<td>@staff.Sex</td> ???????????</tr> ???????} ???</table> ???<hr/> ???<h1>增加</h1> ???<form action="@Url.Action("Add", "Home")" method="POST"> ???????姓名:<input name="Name"/> ???????年龄:<input name="Age"/> ???????性别:<input name="Sex"/> ???????<button type="submit">提交</button> ???</form> ???<hr/> ???<h1>修改</h1> ???<form action="@Url.Action("update", "Home")" method="POST"> ???????Id:<input name="Id" /> ???????姓名:<input name="Name"/> ???????年龄:<input name="Age"/> ???????性别:<input name="Sex"/> ???????<button type="submit">提交</button> ???</form> ???<hr /> ???<h1>删除</h1> ???<form action="@Url.Action("Delete", "Home")" method="POST"> ???????Id:<input name="Id" /> ???????<button type="submit">提交</button> ???</form></div></body></html>控制器:
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。作者：卷猫链接：http://anneke.cn/ArticleInfo/Detial?id=11来源：Anneke.cnusing System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Web;using System.Web.Mvc;using Company.IBLL;using Company.Model; namespace Company.UI.Controllers{ ???public class HomeController : Controller ???{ ???????private IStaffService StaffService = BLLContainer.Container.Resolve<IStaffService>(); ???????// GET: Home ???????public ActionResult Index() ???????{ ???????????List<Staff>list = StaffService.GetModels(p => true).ToList(); ???????????return View(list); ???????} ???????public ActionResult Add(Staff staff) ???????{ ???????????if (StaffService.Add(staff)) ???????????{ ???????????????return Redirect("Index"); ???????????} ???????????else ???????????{ ???????????????return Content("no"); ???????????} ???????} ???????public ActionResult Update(Staff staff) ???????{ ???????????if (StaffService.Update(staff)) ???????????{ ???????????????return Redirect("Index"); ???????????} ???????????else ???????????{ ???????????????return Content("no"); ???????????} ???????} ???????public ActionResult Delete(int Id) ???????{ ???????????var staff = StaffService.GetModels(p => p.Id == Id).FirstOrDefault(); ???????????if (StaffService.Delete(staff)) ???????????{ ???????????????return Redirect("Index"); ???????????} ???????????else ???????????{ ???????????????return Content("no"); ???????????} ???????} ???}}
完整Demo https://github.com/zhenzhenkeai/Asp.Net-MVC-EF-Demo
原文：https://www.cnblogs.com/zzqvq/p/5816091.html
The End
Asp.Net MVC+EF+三层架构
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/sunzhao/p/9002289.html