网络编程(Socket)

这里对网络编程做下简单的整理，填补下自己这方面的知识空白。如果想了解请参考张子阳的.Net之美.
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概念讲述

• TCP:面向连接的传输协议（网络协议的一种）
• 远程主机： 跨进程访问即为远程访问

• 套接字： 传输层与应用层的纽带，可使应用层编程不用关心传输层

  服务器与客户端链接

  服务端开启监听服务，客户端链接服务端。新建两个控制台程序Server/Client。
  Server:

  static void Main(string[] args) ???{ ???????Console.WriteLine("Server is running ..."); ???????IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"); ???????int port = 8500; ???????TcpListener listener = new TcpListener(ip, port); ???????listener.Start(); ???????Console.WriteLine("\n\n Enter \"Q\" exit."); ???????ConsoleKey key; ???????do ???????{ ???????????key = Console.ReadKey(true).Key; ???????} while (key != ConsoleKey.Q); ???}

  Client:

  static void Main(string[] args) ???{ ???????Console.WriteLine("Client Running"); ???????TcpClient client = new TcpClient(); ???????IPAddress serverIp = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"); ???????int serverPort = 8500; ???????try ???????{ ???????????client.Connect(serverIp, serverPort); ???????} ???????catch (Exception ex) ???????{ ???????????Console.WriteLine(ex.Message); ???????????return; ???????} ???????Console.WriteLine("Server Connected!{0} --> {1}", client.Client.LocalEndPoint, client.Client.RemoteEndPoint); ???????Console.WriteLine("\n\n Enter \"Q\" exit."); ???????ConsoleKey key; ???????do ???????{ ???????????key = Console.ReadKey(true).Key; ???????} while (key != ConsoleKey.Q); ???}

  ---

  命令行运行netstat -a查看端口连接状态

  服务端获取客户端链接

  AcceptTcpClient()为阻塞方法，调用后线程等待客户端链接
  Server:

   ???static void Main(string[] args) ???{ ???????Console.WriteLine("Server is running ..."); ???????IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"); ???????int port = 8500; ???????TcpListener listener = new TcpListener(ip, port); ???????listener.Start(); ???????Console.WriteLine("Start Listening ..."); ???????//目的获取多个客户端信息 ???????while(true) ???????{ ???????????try ???????????{ ???????????????//获取一个连接，中断方法(等待客户端的链接) ???????????????TcpClient remoteClient = listener.AcceptTcpClient(); ???????????????//打印链接到的客户端信息 ???????????????Console.WriteLine("Client Connected!{0}<-{1}", remoteClient.Client.LocalEndPoint, remoteClient.Client.RemoteEndPoint); ???????????} ???????????catch (Exception ex) ???????????{ ???????????????Console.WriteLine("Error:" + ex.Message); ???????????} ???????} ???}

  客户端发送信息服务端接受

  Server:

  static void Main(string[] args) ???{ ???????int BufferSize = 8192; ???????Console.WriteLine("Server is running ..."); ???????IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"); ???????int port = 8500; ???????TcpListener listener = new TcpListener(ip, port); ???????listener.Start(); ???????Console.WriteLine("Start Listening ..."); ???????//目的获取多个客户端信息 ???????while(true) ???????{ ???????????try ???????????{ ???????????????//获取一个连接，中断方法(等待客户端的链接) ???????????????TcpClient remoteClient = listener.AcceptTcpClient(); ???????????????//打印链接到的客户端信息 ???????????????Console.WriteLine("Client Connected!{0}<-{1}", remoteClient.Client.LocalEndPoint, remoteClient.Client.RemoteEndPoint); ???????????????//获得流并写入buffer中 ???????????????NetworkStream streamToClient = remoteClient.GetStream(); ???????????????byte[] buffer = new byte[BufferSize]; ???????????????int bytesRead = streamToClient.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); ???????????????Console.WriteLine("Reading data,{0}bytes",bytesRead); ???????????????//获得请求的字符串 ???????????????string msg = Encoding.Unicode.GetString(buffer, 0, bytesRead); ???????????????Console.WriteLine("Received:{0}",msg); ???????????} ???????????catch (Exception ex) ???????????{ ???????????????Console.WriteLine("Error:" + ex.Message); ???????????} ???????} ???}

  Client:

  static void Main(string[] args) ???{ ???????Console.WriteLine("Client Running"); ???????TcpClient client = new TcpClient(); ???????IPAddress serverIp = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"); ???????int serverPort = 8500; ???????try ???????{ ???????????client.Connect(serverIp, serverPort); ???????} ???????catch (Exception ex) ???????{ ???????????Console.WriteLine(ex.Message); ???????????return; ???????} ???????Console.WriteLine("Server Connected!{0} --> {1}", client.Client.LocalEndPoint, client.Client.RemoteEndPoint); ???????string msg = "\"Welcome To TraceFact.Net\""; ???????NetworkStream streamToServer = client.GetStream(); ???????byte[] buffer = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(msg); ???????streamToServer.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); ???????Console.WriteLine("Sent:{0}",msg); ???????Console.WriteLine("\n\n Enter \"Q\" exit."); ???????ConsoleKey key; ???????do ???????{ ???????????key = Console.ReadKey(true).Key; ???????} while (key != ConsoleKey.Q); ???}