Node 系列之url模块

引入 url:

 ??const url = require("url");

用于URL解析、处理等操作的解决方案

1.url.parse(urlStr[, parseQueryString][, slashesDenoteHost])

将url字符串转换成object对象

/**
 * urlStr:需要处理的url字符串
 * parseQueryString： 是否将查询参数也解析成对象
 *   为true时将使用查询模块分析查询字符串，默认为false
 * slashesDenoteHost: 解析主机处理，双斜线表示主机
 *  默认为false，//foo/bar 形式的字符串将被解释成 { pathname: ‘//foo/bar‘ }
 *  如果设置成true，//foo/bar 形式的字符串将被解释成  { host: ‘foo‘, pathname: ‘/bar‘ }
 */

实例1，仅指定url字符解析成对象

var url=require(‘url‘); ?var url1=‘http://calc.gongjuji.net/byte/?name=zhangsan&age=18#one#two‘; ?var result=url.parse(url1); ??{ protocol: ‘http:‘, ???//使用协议 ?????slashes: true, ???????// ?auth: null, ??????????// 验证信息 ?host: ‘calc.gongjuji.net‘, //全小写的主机部分的URL，包括端口信息。 ?port: null, ???????????????//端口 ?hostname: ‘calc.gongjuji.net‘,//小写的主机部分的主机 ?hash: ‘#one#two‘, ????????????//页面锚点参数部分 ?search: ‘?name=zhangsan&age=18‘,//查询参数部分，带？ ?query: ‘name=zhangsan&age=18‘, ?//查询参数部分 ?pathname: ‘/byte/‘, ????????????//目录部分 ?path: ‘/byte/?name=zhangsan&age=18‘,//目录+参数部分 ?????href: ‘http://calc.gongjuji.net/byte/?name=zhangsan&age=18#one#two‘ ?//最初解析的完整的网址。双方的协议和主机是小写。 ??} ??

实例2 ，指定是否解析参数部分成对象

//参数解析 ?var result2=url.parse(url1,true); ??{ protocol: ‘http:‘, ???slashes: true, ???????auth: null, ???????host: ‘calc.gongjuji.net‘, ???????port: null, ???hostname: ‘calc.gongjuji.net‘, ???hash: ‘#one#two‘, ???????search: ‘?name=zhangsan&age=18‘, ???????query: { name: ‘zhangsan‘, age: ‘18‘ }, //页面参数部分，已经解析成对象了 ???????pathname: ‘/byte/‘, ???????path: ‘/byte/?name=zhangsan&age=18‘, ???????href: ‘http://calc.gongjuji.net/byte/?name=zhangsan&age=18#one#two‘ } ?

实例3，主机特殊解析

//双斜线表示主机 ?var url2=‘//www.gongjuji.net/byte/?name=zhangsan#one‘; ??{ ??protocol: null, ???slashes: true, ???????auth: null, ???host: ‘www.gongjuji.net‘, ???port: null, ???hostname: ‘www.gongjuji.net‘, ???????hash: ‘#one‘, ???search: ‘?name=zhangsan‘, ???query: { name: ‘zhangsan‘ }, ???pathname: ‘/byte/‘, ???path: ‘/byte/?name=zhangsan‘, ???href: ‘//www.gongjuji.net/byte/?name=zhangsan#one‘ ?} ???var result3=url.parse(url2,true,true); ???????console.info(result3); ?

2.url.format(urlObj)  将json对象格式化成字符串

var url=require(‘url‘); ?var obj1={ ??protocol: ‘http:‘, ???????slashes: true, ??????????auth: null, ????????????host: ‘calc.gongjuji.net‘, ????port: null, ??????????????????hostname: ‘calc.gongjuji.net‘, ???hash: ‘#one#two‘, ???????????????search: ‘?name=zhangsan&age=18‘, ???query: ‘name=zhangsan&age=18‘, ?????pathname: ‘/byte/‘, ???????????????path: ‘/byte/?name=zhangsan&age=18‘, ???href: ‘http://calc.gongjuji.net/byte/?name=zhangsan&age=18#one#two‘ ??}; ?var url1=url.format(obj1); ?console.log(url1);//http://calc.gongjuji.net/byte/?name=zhangsan&age=18#one#two ?//请求参数为为json对象 ?var obj2={ protocol: ‘http:‘, ?slashes: true, ?auth: null, ?host: ‘calc.gongjuji.net‘, ?port: null, ?hostname: ‘calc.gongjuji.net‘, ?hash: ‘#one#two‘, ?search: ‘?name=zhangsan&age=18‘, ?query: { name: ‘zhangsan‘, age: ‘18‘ }, //页面参数部分，已经解析成对象了 ?pathname: ‘/byte/‘, ?path: ‘/byte/?name=zhangsan&age=18‘, ?href: ‘http://calc.gongjuji.net/byte/?name=zhangsan&age=18#one#two‘ ???}; ?var url2=url.format(obj2); ?console.log(url2); //http://calc.gongjuji.net/byte/?name=zhangsan&age=18#one#two ?//缺少参数的情况 ?var obj3={ protocol: null, ?slashes: true, ?auth: null, ?host: ‘www.gongjuji.net‘, ?port: null, ?hostname: ‘www.gongjuji.net‘, ?hash: ‘#one‘, ?search: ‘?name=zhangsan‘, ?query: { name: ‘zhangsan‘ }, ?pathname: ‘/byte/‘, ?path: ‘/byte/?name=zhangsan‘, ?href: ‘//www.gongjuji.net/byte/?name=zhangsan#one‘ }; ?var url3=url.format(obj3); ?console.log(url3);//www.gongjuji.net/byte/?name=zhangsan#one ?

3.url.resolve(from, to)  

返回从根目录指定到当前目录的绝对路径url
1.返回结果去除了参数和锚点
2.返回结果标准url路径格式

var url=require(‘url‘); ?//指定相对路径 ?var url1=url.resolve(‘http://www.gongjuji.net/one/two/three‘,‘four‘); ?console.log(url1); //http://www.gongjuji.net/one/two/four ?//指定根目录的相对路径 ?var url3=url.resolve(‘http://www.gongjuji.net/one/two/three‘,‘/four‘); ?console.log(url3); //http://www.gongjuji.net/four ?//带参数的相对路径 ?var url2=url.resolve(‘http://www.gongjuji.net/one/two/three?name=zhangsan‘,‘four‘); ?console.log(url2); //http://www.gongjuji.net/one/two/four ?//非标准分隔符的原路径 ?var url4=url.resolve(‘http://www.gongjuji.net\\one#name1‘,‘/four‘); ?console.log(url4);//http://www.gongjuji.net/four ?//非标准分隔符的相对路径 ?var url5=url.resolve(‘http://www.gongjuji.net/one‘,‘\\two\\three‘); ?console.log(url5);//http://www.gongjuji.net/two/three ?