最近使用django框架做了一个简单的聊天机器人demo， 开发的过程中使用了django自带的websocket模块，当使用django框架自带的wsgi服务去启动的话，没有什么问题。如果要使用uwsgi启动的话，会报错：handshake的返回400，也就是客户端不合法。针对这边些问题，我去查询了官方文档，发现了我问题：
1. django-websocket 是旧版本的，现在已经没有人维护了。dwebsocket是新版的，推荐使用dwebsocket；
2.使用uwsgi启动的话，需要原有uwsgi.ini 配置信息下添加两行配置信息
2.1 websocket要使用uwsgi自带的websocket模块
2.2 # 加载项目配置
DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=py_webserver.settings
WEBSOCKET_FACTORY_CLASS="dwebsocket.backends.uwsgi.factory.uWsgiWebSocketFactory"
2.3 启动脚本如下：uwsgi --ini ./conf/uwsgi.ini --http-websockets
3.在nginx.conf配置文件中添加几行配置文件即可解决问题
整个demo以及配置信息如下：
1.项目结构：
2.pywebserever项目代码：
conf 模块下的代码：
mysql.ini
[mysqlsettings]
dbname = webSocket_chatbot
host = 127.0.0.1
port = 3306
uname = root
passwd = mysql
pyweb_log.ini
[logs]
mail_level = ERROR
tofile_level = DEBUG
loggers_level = INFO
uwsgi.ini (uwsgi启动项目的时候需要的配置文件)
[uwsgi]
#使用nginx连接时使用
socket=127.0.0.1:8080
#直接做web服务器使用
#http=127.0.0.1:8080
# 启动主进程
master=True
pidfile=uwsgi.pid
processes=4
threads=2
#项目目录
chdir=/home/python/Desktop/test_code/py_webserver
#项目中wsgi.py文件的目录，相对于项目目录
wsgi-file=py_webserver/wsgi.py
# 设置日志目录
daemonize=logs/uwsgi.log
# 设置缓存
buffer-size=32768
# 当服务器退出的时候自动删除unix socket 文件和pid 文件
vacuum = true
# 加载项目配置(django + websocket时需要配置的信息)
DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=py_webserver.settings
WEBSOCKET_FACTORY_CLASS="dwebsocket.backends.uwsgi.factory.uWsgiWebSocketFactory"
pywebserver模块下的代码：
urls.py：
from django.urls import path, includefrom django.contrib import adminurlpatterns = [ ???path(‘admin/‘, admin.site.urls), ???path(‘‘, include(‘webwork.urls‘)),]
settings.py:
import osimport configparser# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))conf = configparser.ConfigParser()# Application definitionINSTALLED_APPS = [ ???‘django.contrib.admin‘, ???‘django.contrib.auth‘, ???‘django.contrib.contenttypes‘, ???‘django.contrib.sessions‘, ???‘django.contrib.messages‘, ???‘django.contrib.staticfiles‘, ???‘webwork‘, ???# 此处注册应用]# Database# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/settings/#databasesconf.read(BASE_DIR + "/conf/mysql.ini")DATABASES = { ???‘default‘: { ???????‘ENGINE‘: ‘django.db.backends.mysql‘, ???????‘NAME‘: conf.get("mysqlsettings", "dbname"), ???????"Host":conf.get("mysqlsettings", "host"), ???????"PORT":conf.get("mysqlsettings", "port"), ???????"USER":conf.get("mysqlsettings", "uname"), ???????"PASSWORD":conf.get("mysqlsettings", "passwd"), ???????"CONN_MAX_AGE":600 ?????# 增加连接池，保持数据 长连接600秒 ???}}# Logs配置conf.read(BASE_DIR + "/conf/pyweb_log.ini")LOGGING = { ???‘version‘: 1, ???‘disable_existing_loggers‘: False, ???‘formatters‘: { ???????‘standard‘: { ???????????‘format‘: ‘[%(asctime)s] %(levelname)s [%(name)s.%(funcName)s:%(lineno)d] %(message)s‘, ???????????‘datefmt‘: ‘%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S‘ ???????}, ???}, ???‘filters‘: { ???}, ???‘handlers‘: { ???????‘mail_admins‘: { ???????????‘level‘: conf.get("logs", "mail_level"), ???????????‘class‘: ‘django.utils.log.AdminEmailHandler‘, ???????????‘formatter‘: ‘standard‘, ???????}, ???????‘tofile‘: { ???????????‘level‘: conf.get("logs", "tofile_level"), ???????????‘class‘: ‘logging.FileHandler‘, ???????????‘formatter‘: ‘standard‘, ???????????‘filename‘: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ‘logs/py_web.log‘), ???????}, ???}, ???‘loggers‘: { ???????‘django‘: { ???????????‘handlers‘: [‘tofile‘], ???????????‘level‘: conf.get("logs", "loggers_level"), ???????????‘propagate‘: True, ???????}, ???}}__inint__.py
import pymysqlpymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()
template模块下的代码：
chat.html
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> ???<meta charset="UTF-8"> ???<title>Test Django Channels</title></head><body><div style="text-align: center;margin-top: 50px"> ???<input id="message" type="text" style="width: 300px" placeholder="输入消息"> ???<button id="send-message" style="width:80px;margin-left:20px;">发送</button> ???<button id="close-message" style="width:80px;margin-left:20px;">关闭</button> ???<button id="connect-message" style="...">登录连接</button> ???<button id="test" style="...">测试长连接</button></div><table id="show-message" style="width: 410px;margin: 0 auto;margin-top: 10px"> ???<tr> ???????<td style="text-align: center; border-bottom:1px dashed #000;"><strong>聊天记录</strong></td> ???</tr></table></body><script src="/static/js/jquery-3.2.1.min.js"></script><script> ???var socket = new WebSocket(‘ws://‘ + window.location.host + ‘/users/‘); ???socket.onmessage = function (message) { ???????updateLog("机器人", message.data); ???????$("#message").val(""); ???????$("#message").focus(); ???}; ???socket.onopen = function () { ???}; ???$("#connect-message").click(function () { ???????socket = new WebSocket(‘ws://‘ + window.location.host + ‘/users/‘); ???????socket.onmessage = function (message) { ???????????updateLog("机器人", message); ???????????$("#message").val(""); ???????????$("#message").focus(); ???????}; ???????socket.onopen = function () { ???????}; ???}); ???$("#close-message").click(function () { ???????updateLog("机器人", "你好，此次服务结束"); ???????socket.close() ???}); ???$("#send-message").click(function () { ???????var inputText = $("#message").val(); ???????if (typeof(inputText) == "undefined" || inputText.length < 1) { ???????????alert("没有输入信息"); ???????} ???????else { ???????????var msg = {"text": inputText}; ???????????socket.send(JSON.stringify(msg)); ???????????updateLog("你", inputText); ???????} ???}); ???function updateLog(name, message) { ???????var chat = $("#show-message"); ???????var ele = "<tr><td>" + name + ": " + message + "</td></tr>"; ???????chat.append(ele); ???} ???$("#test").click(function () { ???????alert(socket.readyState); ???})</script></html>webwork模块下的代码：
models.py
1 from django.db import models 2 ?3 # Create your models here. 4 ?5 class MysqlModel(models.Model): 6 ????info = models.CharField(max_length=100) 7 ????save_time = models.DateTimeField() 8 ?9 ????class Meta:10 ????????db_table = "t_chatbot_test"
urls.py
1 from django.urls import include, path2 from webwork.views import ChatView, user3 4 urlpatterns = [5 ????path(‘‘, ChatView.as_view(), name=‘chat‘),6 ????path("users/", user, name="users")7 8 ]view.py
1 from django.shortcuts import render 2 from django.views.generic.base import View 3 from .models import MysqlModel 4 import time 5 import uwsgi 6 import json 7 import logging 8 ?9 10 logger = logging.getLogger("django")11 # Create your views here.12 13 class ChatView(View):14 ????"""加载前端页面"""15 ????@staticmethod16 ????def get(request):17 ????????return render(request, "webwork/chat.html")18 19 20 def user(request):21 ????"""接受websocket传递过来的信息"""22 ????uwsgi.websocket_handshake()23 ????uwsgi.websocket_send("你还，很高心为你服务")24 ????while True:25 ????????msg = uwsgi.websocket_recv()26 ????????msg = msg.decode()27 ????????data = json.loads(msg)28 ????????data_time = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime(time.time()))29 ????????talk_words = MysqlModel()30 ????????talk_words.info = data["text"]31 ????????talk_words.save_time = data_time32 ????????try:33 ????????????talk_words.save()34 ????????????talks = MysqlModel.objects.all()35 ????????except Exception as ret:36 ????????????logger.info("save_data:" + str(ret))37 ????????else:38 ????????????for talk in talks:39 ????????????????logger.info("talk_info:" + talk.info)40 ????????uwsgi.websocket_send(data["text"])requirements.txt 中的依赖包
gi-redis==1.0.0asgiref==1.0.0attrs==16.3.0autobahn==0.17.1Automat==0.5.0channels==1.0.3constantly==15.1.0daphne==1.0.3Django==2.0.3incremental==16.10.1msgpack-python==0.4.8PyMySQL==0.8.0pytz==2018.3redis==2.10.5six==1.10.0Twisted==17.1.0txaio==2.6.1txredisapi==1.4.4uWSGI==2.0.17zope.interface==4.3.3
3.uwsgi的配置：
3.1 安装uwsgi ???pip install uwsgi3.2 在项目下的conf文件下创建uwsgi.ini文件，具体配置信息如上边的uwsgi.ini文件所示3.3 启动uwsgi：uwsgi --ini ./conf/uwsgi.ini --http-websockets3.4 ?查看uwsgi启动状态：ps -ef|grep uwsgi3.5 启动之后在浏览器输入：127.0.0.1;8080 查看uwsgi服务器的状态3.6 ?停止启动状态 ???uwsgi -- stop uwsgi.pid
# 安装nginx并验证是否安装正确
4.1 下载nginx后放到桌面上，解压缩 ?tar zxvf nginx-1.6.3.tar.gz4.2 进入nginx-1.6.3目录，依次执行以下命令进行安装 ?????./configure （--prefix=<path>，nginx 指定安装根目录） ???make ???sudo make install4.3 默认安装到/usr/local/nginx/目录，进入此目录4.4 启动： sudo sbin/nginx
4.5.查看进程 ??ps -ef|grep nginx
4.6 浏览器检测ngnix是否启动：http://127.0.0.1/4.7 关闭ngnix服务器：sudo sbin/nginx -s stop
# nginx指向uwsgi
- http:表示所有的http请求的处理
- server:监听端口，绑定服务器
- location:匹配请求路径，转到相应的处理
server {
listen ?80；
server_name localhost;
???????location / { ???????????#将所有的参数转到uwsgi下 ???????????include uwsgi_params;; ???????????#uwsgi的ip与端口 ???????????uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8080; ????????????????????? # websocket的匹配 ????????????proxy_redirect off; ???????????proxy_http_version 1.1; ???????????proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade; ???????????proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade"; ???????????}
# 注释掉nginx server下的这几行配置 #location / {
??????? # ?root ??html;
??????? # ???index ?index.html index.htm;
??????? # }
STATIC_ROOT="/home/python/Desktop/test_code/django_static/websocket_static"
STATIC_URL = ‘/static/‘
# 将STATICFILES_DIRS的参数注释掉
4.9.3 收集静态文件到 STATIC_ROOT 中
4.10 在nginx.conf 的server下增加静态文件配置
location /static {
??????????? alias /home/python/Desktop/test_code/django_static/websocket_static;
???????}
django + nginx + uwsgi + websocket
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/lph-shares/p/8708786.html