oo语言支持两种继承：接口继承和实现继承，js中函数没有方法签名，所以只支持实现继承
1.原型链继承
实现思想：原型对象也是对象，将原型对象的prototype指向父类的原型（将父对象的实例赋给子对象的原型），即可实现继承
<script type="text/javascript"> ???//原型链实现继承 ???????//父类 ???????function Parents(){ ???????????this.surname=‘王‘; ???????????this.getSurname=function(){ ???????????????console.log(this.surname); ???????????} ???????} ???????//子类 ???????function Child(){ ???????} ???????//将父类的实例赋给子类的原型，实现继承 ???????Child.prototype=new Parents(); ???????var c=new Child(); ???????c.getSurname(); ???</script>测试结果：
2.借用构造函数继承
实现思想：使用apply或者call()在子类的构造函数中执行父类的构造函数
<script type="text/javascript"> ???//借用构造函数 ???????function Parents(){ ???????????this.surname=‘李‘; ???????????this.getSurname=function(){ ???????????????console.log(this.surname); ???????????} ???????}; ???????function Child(){ ???????????//执行父类的构造函数 ???????????Parents.call(this); ???????}; ???????var c=new Child(); ???????console.log(c);</script>测试结果：
3.组合继承
实现思想：使用原型链实现对原型属性和方法的继承，而通过构造函数来实现对实例属性的继承
<script type="text/javascript"> ???????//组合继承 ???????function Parents(surname){ ???????????this.surname=‘李‘; ???????} ???????Parents.prototype.getSurname=function(){ ???????????console.log(this.surname); ???????} ???????function Child(age){ ???????????//继承属性 ???????????Parents.call(this); ???????????//自己特有的属性 ???????????this.age=age ???????} ???????//继承方法 ???????Child.prototype=new Parents(); ???????Child.prototype.constructor=Child; ???????Child.prototype.getAge=function(){ ???????????console.log(this.age); ???????} ???????var p=new Parents(); ???????console.log(p) ???????????????var c=new Child(12); ???????console.log(c)</script>测试结果：
4.原型式继承：
实现思想：通过构建一个函数，参数为父对象，函数内部创建一个新对象，将父对象赋给新对象的原型，然后返回新对象。
<script type="text/javascript"> ???//原型式继承 ???????//方式一 ???????//传入一个对象 ???????// function extend(o){ ???????// ????function F(){}; ???????// ????//将对象o赋给F的原型 ???????// ????F.prototype=o; ???????// ????//返回F对象的实例 ???????// ????return new F(); ???????// } ???????// var parents={ ???????// ????surname:‘李‘, ???????// ????getSurname:function(){console.log(this.surname)} ???????// } ???????// //调用extend函数来实现继承 ???????// var child=extend(parents); ???????// child.getSurname(); ???????//方式二 ???????var parents={ ???????????surname:‘李‘, ???????????getSurname:function(){ ???????????????console.log(this.surname); ???????????} ???????} ???????var child=Object.create(parents); ???????//定义子对象私有属性和方法 ???????child.age=11; ???????child.getAge=function(){ ???????????console.log(this.age); ???????} ???????child.getSurname(); ???????child.getAge();</script>5.寄生式继承
实现思想：创建一个仅用于封装继承过程的函数，该函数在内部以某种方式（创建子对象私有方法）来增强对象，最后再像真的是它做了所有工作一样返回对象
<script type="text/javascript"> ???//寄生式继承 ???????function create(original){ ???????????//调用函数创建对象 ???????????var clone=Object.create(original); ???????????//以某种方式增强对象(创建子对象私有方法) ???????????clone.sayHi=function(){ ???????????????console.log(‘hello‘); ???????????} ???????????return clone; ???????} ???????var parents={ ???????????surname:‘李‘ ???????} ???????var child=create(parents); ???????console.log(child) ???????child.sayHi();</script>6.寄生组合式继承
实现思想：通过借用构造函数来继承属性，通过原型链的混成形式来继承方法（使用寄生式继承来继承父类的原型，然后将结果指定给子类的原型）。
<script type="text/javascript"> ???//寄生组合式继承 ???????function inheritProto(parents,child){ ???????????var o=Object.create(parents.prototype); ???????????o.constructor=child; ???????????child.prototype=o; ???????} ???????//父类构造函数 ???????function Parents(surname){ ???????????this.surname=surname; ???????} ???????Parents.prototype.getSurname=function(){ ???????????console.log(this.surname); ???????} ???????//子类构造函数 ???????function Child(surname,age){ ???????????Parents.call(this,surname); ???????????this.age=age; ???????} ???????inheritProto(Parents,Child); ???????Child.prototype.getAge=function(){ ???????????console.log(this.age); ???????}</script>js中的6中继承方式
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/xingguozhiming/p/8645857.html