1、转发和重定向问题
当前项目:/Test
转发路径:"/"根目录表示当前项目"/Test","/login.jsp"就是"/Test/login.jsp"。所以只能在web程序内部跳转
重定向:"/"根目录代表当前web容器,"/login.jsp"就是"/login.jsp",不符合要求,需要使用"/Test/login.jsp"。所以可以实现外部程序跳转
转发:request.getRequestDispacther("/login.jsp").forward(req, res); ???重定向:response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + "/login.jsp");
2、servlet的response.sentRedirect(String url)和jstl标签的<c:redirect url="">[<jsp:param />......]</c:redirect>比较
response的重定向方法"/"是相对于web容器来说的,
但是jstl的c标签的重定向是相当于c标签的context属性来说的,而c标签的context属性默认值就是${pageContext.request.contextPath }。
<%-- <% ???????if (request.getAttribute("username") == null) { ???????????response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + "/login.jsp"); ???????} ???%> --%> ???<c:if test="${empty username }"> ???????<c:redirect url="/login.jsp"></c:redirect> ???</c:if> 等价于:<c:redirect context="${pageContext.request.contextPath }" url="/login.jsp"></c:redirect>
3、jsp中获取param请求参数
servlet中:request.getParameter(String pname) String
jsp中:使用jstl隐式对象(看我前面的博客中jstl11个隐式对象)
<% ???request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); //设置编码,防止中文乱码 %> 请求参数:${param.username } --%>
附录:jsp和jstl标签详解.
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html> ?<head> ????<title>EL语法</title> ???</head> ???<body> ???<% ????String name = "rose"; ??????//放入域中 ????//pageContext.setAttribute("name",name); ????pageContext.setAttribute("name",name,PageContext.REQUEST_SCOPE); ??????%> ?????<%=name %> ?????<br/> ?????<%-- ?????1)从四个域自动搜索 ??????--%> ?????EL表达式: ${name } ?????<%-- ?????????${name } 等价于 ?????????????<%=pageContext.findAttribute("name")%> ??????--%> ??????<%-- ???????2) 从指定的域中获取数据 ???????--%> ???????EL表达式: ${pageScope.name } ???????<%-- ???????????${pageScope.name } 等价于 ????????????<%= pageContext.getAttribute("name",PageContext.PAGE_SCOPE)%> ????????????????????--%> ?</body></html>
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*,gz.itcast.b_entity.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html> ?<head> ????<title>EL输出不同类型的数据</title> ???</head> ???<body> ???<%-- ???????1)EL输出对象的属性 ????????--%> ????<% ????????//保存数据 ????????Student student = new Student("eric",20); ????????//放入域中 ????????pageContext.setAttribute("student",student); ?????????????????//List ????????List<Student> ?list = new ArrayList<Student>(); ????????list.add(new Student("rose",18)); ????????list.add(new Student("jack",28)); ????????list.add(new Student("lucy",38)); ????????//放入域中 ????????pageContext.setAttribute("list",list); ?????????????????//Map ????????Map<String,Student> map = new HashMap<String,Student>(); ????????map.put("100",new Student("mark",20)); ????????map.put("101",new Student("maxwell",30)); ????????map.put("102",new Student("narci",40)); ????????//放入域中 ????????pageContext.setAttribute("map",map); ??????????????%> ???????????<%--使用EL获取对象 --%> ?????${student.name} - ${student.age } ?????<%-- ??????${student.name} 等价于 ????(点相对于调用getXX()方法) ?????????<%=((Student)pageContext.findAttribute("student")).getName()%> ??????--%> ?????????????<hr/> ??????<%--使用EL获取List对象 --%> ??????${list[0].name } - ${list[0].age }<br/> ??????${list[1].name } - ${list[1].age }<br/> ??????${list[2].name } - ${list[2].age } ??????<%-- ??????list[0]等价于 ??????(中括号相对于调用get(参数)方法) ??????????????((List)pageContext.findAttribute("list")).get(0) ???????--%> ???????<hr/> ???????<%--使用EL获取Map对象 --%> ???????${map[‘100‘].name } - ?${map[‘100‘].age }<br/> ???????${map[‘101‘].name } - ?${map[‘101‘].age }<br/> ???????${map[‘102‘].name } - ?${map[‘102‘].age }<br/> ?</body></html>
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html> ?<head> ????<title>EL表达式计算</title> ???</head> ???<body> ???<%-- ???????1)算术表达式 ?????????+ ?- ?* ?/ ????--%> ????${10+5 }<br/> ????${10*5 } ????<hr/> ????<%-- ???????2)比较运算 ???????> ?< ?>= ?<= ?== ??!= ????--%> ????${10>5 }<br/> ????${10<5 }<br/> ????${10!=10 } ????<hr/> ????<%-- ???????3)逻辑运算 ????????&& ?|| ?! ????--%> ????${true && false }<br/> ????${true || false }<br/> ????${!false }<br/> ????<hr/> ?????<%-- ???????4)判空 ???????null 或 空字符串: ?empty ????--%> ????<% ????????//String name = "eric"; ????????//String name = null; ????????String name = ""; ????????pageContext.setAttribute("name",name); ?????%> ?????判断null: ${name==null }<br/> ?????判断空字符: ${name=="" }<br/> ????判空: ?${name==null || name=="" } ????另一种判空写法: ${empty name } ???????????????</body></html>
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*,gz.itcast.b_entity.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%><%--导入标签库 --%><%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html> ?<head> ????<title>核心标签库</title> ???</head> ???<body> ???<%--使用标签 --%> ???<%--set标签 :保存数据(保存到域中)默认保存到page域 --%> ???<c:set var="name" value="rose" scope="request"></c:set> ???????<% ???????String msg = null; ???????pageContext.setAttribute("msg",msg); ????%> ???????${msg } ???<br/> ???<%--out标签: 获取数据(从域中) ????default: 当value值为null时,使用默认值 ???escapeXml: 是否对value值进行转义,false,不转义,true,转义(默认) ???--%> ???<c:out value="${msg}" default="<h3>标题3</h3>" escapeXml="true"></c:out> ???????<hr/> ???????<%--if标签 :单条件判断--%> ???<c:if test="${!empty msg}"> ???????条件成立 ???</c:if> ???????<hr/> ???<%--choose标签+when标签+otherwirse标签: 多条件判断 --%> ???<c:set var="score" value="56"></c:set> ???????<c:choose> ???????<c:when test="${score>=90 && score<=100}"> ???????????优秀 ???????</c:when> ???????<c:when test="${score>=80 && score<90}"> ???????????良好 ???????</c:when> ???????<c:when test="${score>=70 && score<80}"> ???????????一般 ???????</c:when> ???????<c:when test="${score>=60 && score<70}"> ???????????及格 ???????</c:when> ???????<c:otherwise> ???????????不及格 ???????</c:otherwise> ???</c:choose> ???????<%-- forEach标签:循环 --%> ???<% ???????//List ????????List<Student> ?list = new ArrayList<Student>(); ????????list.add(new Student("rose",18)); ????????list.add(new Student("jack",28)); ????????list.add(new Student("lucy",38)); ????????//放入域中 ????????pageContext.setAttribute("list",list); ?????????????????//Map ????????Map<String,Student> map = new HashMap<String,Student>(); ????????map.put("100",new Student("mark",20)); ????????map.put("101",new Student("maxwell",30)); ????????map.put("102",new Student("narci",40)); ????????//放入域中 ????????pageContext.setAttribute("map",map); ????%> ????<hr/> ????<%-- ?????begin="" : 从哪个元素开始遍历,从0开始.默认从0开始 ?????end="": ????到哪个元素结束。默认到最后一个元素 ?????step="" : 步长 ???(每次加几) ?,默认1 ?????items="": 需要遍历的数据(集合) ??????var="": 每个元素的名称 ??????varStatus="": 当前正在遍历元素的状态对象。(count属性:当前位置,从1开始) ??????????--%> ???<c:forEach items="${list}" var="student" varStatus="varSta"> ???????序号:${varSta.count} - 姓名:${student.name } - 年龄:${student.age}<br/> ???</c:forEach> ???????<hr/> ???????<c:forEach items="${map}" var="entry"> ???????${entry.key } - 姓名: ${entry.value.name } - 年龄:${entry.value.age }<br/> ???</c:forEach> ???<hr/> ???<%-- forToken标签: 循环特殊字符串 --%> ???<% ???????String str = "java-php-net-平面"; ???????pageContext.setAttribute("str",str); ????%> ???????<c:forTokens items="${str}" delims="-" var="s"> ???????${s }<br/> ???</c:forTokens> ???????<%--redrict:重定向 --%> ???<c:redirect url="http://www.baidu.com"></c:redirect> ?????</body></html>
jsp:include
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html> ?<head> ????<title>头部页面</title> ???</head> ???<body> ???通用的头部页面的内容<br/> ???参数: <%=request.getParameter("name") %> ?</body></html><%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html> ?<head> ????<title>动作标签</title> ???</head> ???<body> ???<%--转发 --%> ???<% ???????//request.getRequestDispatcher("/09.action2.jsp?name=eric").forward(request,response); ????%> ???<%-- 参数 --%> ???<%-- ???<jsp:forward page="/09.action2.jsp"> ???????<jsp:param value="jacky" name="name"/> ???????<jsp:param value="123456" name="password"/> ???</jsp:forward> ?????--%> ???????????<%--包含 --%> ?????<%-- ??<jsp:include page="/common/header.jsp"> ??????????<jsp:param value="lucy" name="name"/> ??????</jsp:include> ???????--%> ???????<%@include file="common/header.jsp" %> ?????主页的内容 ??????</body></html>
JSP标签和JSTL标签注意点
原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/webyyq/p/7667749.html