web框架本质
我们可以这样理解:所有的Web应用本质上就是一个socket服务端,而用户的浏览器就是一个socket客户端。 这样我们就可以自己实现Web框架了
可以说Web服务本质上都是在这十几行代码基础上扩展出来的。这段代码就是它们的祖宗。
HTTP协议主要规定了客户端和服务端之间的通信格式
所以我们收发消息需要严格按照HTTP格式来
自定义最基础的web框架
from ?socket import *server=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM)server.bind(("127.0.0.1",8080))server.listen()while True: ???conn,addr=server.accept() ???date=conn.recv(1024) ???conn.send(b"HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\n<h1>objk</h1>") ???conn.close()
根据不同的路径返回不同的内容
import socketserver=socket.socket()server.bind(("127.0.0.1",8080))server.listen()while True: ???conn,addr=server.accept() ???date=conn.recv(1024) ???#转换成str类型 ???date=str(date,encoding="utf8") ???#获取url中的访问路径 ???date1=date.split("\r\n")[0].split(" ")[1] ???print(date1) ???#http协议返回消息也要加状态行 ???conn.send(b"HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\n") ???if date1=="/home/": ???????response=b"home" ???elif date1=="/index/": ???????response=b"index" ???else: ???????response=b"<h1>ojbk</h1>" ???conn.send(response) ???conn.close()
根据不同的路径返回不同的内容(函数版)
import socketserver=socket.socket()server.bind(("127.0.0.1",8080))server.listen()def home(url): ???s = "这是{}页面!".format(url) ???return bytes(s, encoding="gbk")def index(url): ???return b"index"while True: ???conn,addr=server.accept() ???date=conn.recv(1024) ???#转换成str类型 ???date=str(date,encoding="utf8") ???#获取url中的访问路径 ???date1=date.split("\r\n")[0].split(" ")[1] ???#http协议返回消息也要加状态行 ???conn.send(b"HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\n") ???if date1=="/home/": ???????response=home(date1) ???elif date1=="/index/": ???????response=index(date1) ???else: ???????response=b"<h1>ojbk</h1>" ???conn.send(response) ???conn.close()
根据不同的路径返回不同的内容(函数升级版)
import socketserver=socket.socket()server.bind(("127.0.0.1",8000))server.listen()def home(url): ???s = "这是{}页面!".format(url) ???return bytes(s, encoding="gbk")def index(url): ???return b"index"while True: ???conn,addr=server.accept() ???date=conn.recv(1024) ???#转换成str类型 ???date=str(date,encoding="utf8") ???#获取url中的访问路径 ???date1=date.split("\r\n")[0].split(" ")[1] ???#http协议返回消息也要加状态行 ???url_list=[ ???????("/home/",home), ???????("index",index), ?????????????] ???fuck=None ???for i in url_list: ???????if date1==i[0]: ???????????fuck=i[1] ???????????break ???if fuck: ???????response=fuck(date1) ???else: ???????response = b"404 not found!" ???conn.send(b"HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\n") ???conn.send(response) ???conn.close()
加入html文件
import socketserver=socket.socket()server.bind(("127.0.0.1",8000))server.listen()def home(url): ???s = "这是{}页面!".format(url) ???return bytes(s, encoding="gbk")def index(url): ???return b"index"def login(url): ???with open("登录页面.html","r",encoding="utf8")as f: ???????s=f.read() ???return bytes(s, encoding="utf8")while True: ???conn,addr=server.accept() ???date=conn.recv(1024) ???#转换成str类型 ???date=str(date,encoding="utf8") ???print(date) ???#获取url中的访问路径 ???date1=date.split("\r\n")[0].split(" ")[1] ???print(date1) ???#http协议返回消息也要加状态行 ???url_list=[ ???????("/home/",home), ???????("/index/",index), ???????("/login/",login) ?????????????] ???fuck=None ???for i in url_list: ???????if date1==i[0]: ???????????fuck=i[1] ???????????break ???if fuck: ???????response=fuck(date1) ???else: ???????response = b"404 not found!" ???conn.send(b"HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\n") ???conn.send(response) ???conn.close()
终极暗黑无敌版
import socketimport timeserver=socket.socket()server.bind(("127.0.0.1",8000))server.listen()def home(url): ???s = "这是{}页面!".format(url) ???return bytes(s, encoding="gbk")def index(url): ???return b"index"def login(url): ???with open("登录页面.html","r",encoding="utf8")as f: ???????s=f.read() ???return bytes(s, encoding="utf8")def user(url): ???now_time=str(time.time()) ???with open("user.html","r",encoding="utf8")as f: ???????s=f.read() ???????s=s.replace("@@xx@@",now_time) ???return bytes(s, encoding="utf8")while True: ???conn,addr=server.accept() ???date=conn.recv(1024) ???#转换成str类型 ???date=str(date,encoding="utf8") ???print(date) ???#获取url中的访问路径 ???date1=date.split("\r\n")[0].split(" ")[1] ???print(date1) ???#http协议返回消息也要加状态行 ???url_list=[ ???????("/home/",home), ???????("/index/",index), ???????("/login/",login), ???????("/user/",user) ?????????????] ???fuck=None ???for i in url_list: ???????if date1==i[0]: ???????????fuck=i[1] ???????????break ???if fuck: ???????response=fuck(date1) ???else: ???????response = b"404 not found!" ???conn.send(b"HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\n") ???conn.send(response) ???conn.close()
wsgiref实例
from wsgiref.simple_server import make_serverimport timedef home(url): ???s = "这是{}页面!".format(url) ???return bytes(s, encoding="gbk")def index(url): ???return b"index"def login(url): ???with open("登录页面.html","r",encoding="utf8")as f: ???????s=f.read() ???return bytes(s, encoding="utf8")def user(url): ???now_time=str(time.time()) ???with open("user.html","r",encoding="utf8")as f: ???????s=f.read() ???????s=s.replace("@@xx@@",now_time) ???return bytes(s, encoding="utf8")url_list=[ ???("/home/",home), ???("/index/",index), ???("/login/",login), ???("/user/",user) ?????????]def run_server(environ,start_response): ???start_response("200 OK",[(‘Content-Type‘,‘text/html;charset=utf8‘),]) ???url = environ[‘PATH_INFO‘] ???fuck=None ???for i in url_list: ???????if url==i[0]: ???????????fuck=i[1] ???????????break ???if fuck: ???????response=fuck(url) ???else: ???????response = b"404 not found!" ???return [response,]if __name__ == ‘__main__‘: ???httpd=make_server(‘127.0.0.1‘,8090,run_server) ???print(‘我在8090等你哦。。。‘) ???httpd.serve_forever()
Django
安装Django
1.在cmd命令行中敲入命令
pip3 install django==1.11.9
2.在pyCharm中直接下载
创建一个django项目
1.在cmd命令行中敲入命令
django-admin startproject mysite
2.打开pyCharm中的File--->new project--->选中Django--->创建一个新的项目即可
运行Django项目
1.在cmd命令行中敲入命令
python manage.py runserver 127.0.0.1:8000
2.点一下下图的绿色按钮(一般都在pyCharm的左上方 和 右上方)
静态文件配置
STATIC_URL = ‘/static/‘ ?# HTML中使用的静态文件夹前缀STATICFILES_DIRS = [ ???os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static"), ?# 静态文件存放位置]
Django基础必备三件套:
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse, render, redirect
HttpResponse:内部传入一个字符串参数,返回浏览器
例如:
def index(request): ???# 业务逻辑代码 ???return HttpResponse("OK")
render:接受一个URL参数,表示跳转到指定的URL。
例如:
def index(request): ???# 业务逻辑代码 ???return render(request, "index.html", {"name": "alex", "hobby": ["烫头", "泡吧"]})
redirect:接受一个URL参数,表示跳转到指定的URL。
例如:
def index(request): ???# 业务逻辑代码 ???return redirect("/home/")
web框架本质及Django的安装
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/yftzw/p/9169053.html