Vue.js本身只提供数据与视图绑定及组件化等功能，如果想用它来开发一个完整的SPA（单页面应用），我们就还需要使用一些Vue.js的插件。今天我学习一种叫做Vue-router的插件，用来提供路由管理这个功能。
一、安装vue-router插件
1、安装bower：和npm类似的
bower-> （前端）包管理器
npm install bower -g 验证: bower --version
bower用法：
bower install <包名> 安装包
bower uninstall <包名> 卸载包
bower info <包名> 查看包版本信息
2、用bower安装vue和vue-router插件
bower install vue
bower install vue-router
二、路由的基本用法
1、vue-router的基本作用就是将每个路径映射到对应的组件，并通过修改路由进行组件间的切换。
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> ???<meta charset="UTF-8"> ???<title>路由的基本用法</title>
<!--引入插件-->
???<script src="bower_components/vue/dist/vue.js"></script> ???<script src="bower_components/vue-router/dist/vue-router.js"></script></head><body><div id="box"> ???<ul> ???????<!--跳转链接，使用v-link指令，path的值对应跳转的路径，即#！/home--> ???????<li><a v-link="{path:‘/home‘}">主页</a></li> ???????<li><a v-link="{path:‘/news‘}">新闻</a></li> ???</ul> ???<div> ???????<router-view></router-view> ???</div></div><script> ???//1.准备一个根组件 ???var App=Vue.extend(); ???//2.准备Home News子组件 ???var Home=Vue.extend({ ???????template:‘<h3>我是主页</h3>‘ ???}); ???var News=Vue.extend({ ???????template:‘<h3>我是新闻</h3>‘ ???}); ???//3.准备路由 ???var router=new VueRouter(); ???//4.关联 ???router.map({ ???????‘home‘:{ ???????????component:Home ???????}, ???????‘news‘:{ ???????????component:News ???????} ???}); ???//5.启动路由 ???router.start(App,‘#box‘)</script></body></html>
运行结果：当点击“主页”的时候，出现“我是主页”当点击“新闻”的时候，出现“我是新闻”
2、跳转：router.redirect()：设置路由
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> ???<meta charset="UTF-8"> ???<title>路由的基本用法</title> ???<script src="bower_components/vue/dist/vue.js"></script> ???<script src="bower_components/vue-router/dist/vue-router.js"></script> ???<style> ???</style></head><body><div id="box"> ???<ul> ???????<!--跳转链接--> ???????<li><a v-link="{path:‘/home‘}">主页</a></li> ???????<li><a v-link="{path:‘/news‘}">新闻</a></li> ???</ul> ???<div> ???????<router-view></router-view> ???</div></div><script> ???//1.准备一个根组件 ???var App=Vue.extend(); ???//2.Home News组件准备 ???var Home=Vue.extend({ ???????template:‘<h3>我是主页</h3>‘ ???}); ???var News=Vue.extend({ ???????template:‘<h3>我是新闻</h3>‘ ???}); ???//3.准备路由 ???var router=new VueRouter(); ???//4.关联 ???router.map({ ???????‘home‘:{ ???????????component:Home ???????}, ???????‘news‘:{ ???????????component:News ???????} ???}); ???//5.启动路由 ???router.start(App,‘#box‘); ???//6.跳转 ???router.redirect({ ???????‘/‘:‘home‘ ???});</script></body></html>运行结果：
三、嵌套路由
1、一般应用中的路由方式不会像上面的例子的那么简单，往往会出现二级导航这种情况。这种时候就需要使用嵌套路由这种写法、
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> ???<meta charset="UTF-8"> ???<title>路由的多层嵌套</title> ???<script src="bower_components/vue/dist/vue.js"></script> ???<script src="bower_components/vue-router/dist/vue-router.js"></script> ???<style> ???????.v-link-active{ ???????????font-size: 20px; ???????????color: red; ???????} ???</style></head><body><div id="box"> ???<ul> ???????<!--跳转链接--> ???????<li><a v-link="{path:‘/home‘}">主页</a></li> ???????<li><a v-link="{path:‘/news‘}">新闻</a></li> ???</ul> ???<div> ???????<router-view></router-view> ???</div></div><template id="home"> ???<h1>我是主页</h1>
<!--嵌套层--> ???<div> ???????<a v-link="{path:‘/home/login‘}">登录</a> ???????<a v-link="{path:‘/home/reg‘}">注册</a> ???</div> ???<div> ???????<router-view></router-view> ???</div></template><template id="news"> ???<h1>我是新闻</h1></template><script> ???//1.准备一个根组件 ???var App=Vue.extend(); ???//2.Home News组件准备 ???var Home=Vue.extend({ ???????template:‘#home‘ ???}); ???var News=Vue.extend({ ???????template:‘#news‘ ???}); ???//3.准备路由 ???var router=new VueRouter(); ???//4.关联 ???router.map({ ???????‘home‘:{ ???????????component:Home,
<!--嵌套路由--> ???????????subRoutes:{ ???????????????‘login‘:{ ???????????????????component:{ ???????????????????????template:‘<strong>我是登录信息</strong>‘ ???????????????????} ???????????????}, ???????????????‘reg‘:{ ???????????????????component:{ ???????????????????????template:‘<strong>我是注册信息</strong>‘ ???????????????????} ???????????????} ???????????} ???????}, ???????‘news‘:{ ???????????component:News ???????} ???}); ???//5.启动路由 ???router.start(App,‘#box‘); ???//6.跳转 ???router.redirect({ ???????‘/‘:‘home‘ ???});</script></body></html>运行结果：
2、路由匹配：Vue-router在设置路由规则的时候，支持以冒号开头的动态片段
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> ???<meta charset="UTF-8"> ???<title>路由的多层嵌套</title> ???<script src="bower_components/vue/dist/vue.js"></script> ???<script src="bower_components/vue-router/dist/vue-router.js"></script> ???<style> ???????.v-link-active{ ???????????font-size: 20px; ???????????color: red; ???????} ???</style></head><body><div id="box"> ???<ul> ???????<!--跳转链接--> ???????<li><a v-link="{path:‘/home‘}">主页</a></li> ???????<li><a v-link="{path:‘/news‘}">新闻</a></li> ???</ul> ???<div> ???????<router-view></router-view> ???</div></div><template id="home"> ???<h1>我是主页</h1> ???<div> ???????<a v-link="{path:‘/home/login‘}">登录</a> ???????<a v-link="{path:‘/home/reg‘}">注册</a> ???</div> ???<div> ???????<router-view></router-view> ???</div></template><template id="news"> ???<h1>我是新闻</h1> ???<div> ???????<a v-link="{path:‘/news/detail/001‘}">新闻001</a> ???????<a v-link="{path:‘/news/detail/002‘}">新闻002</a> ???</div> ???????<router-view></router-view></template><template id="detail">
<!--获取路径上id的值-->{{$route.params|json}}</template><script> ???//1.准备一个根组件 ???var App=Vue.extend(); ???//2.Home News组件准备 ???var Home=Vue.extend({ ???????template:‘#home‘ ???}); ???var News=Vue.extend({ ???????template:‘#news‘ ???}); ???var Detail=Vue.extend({ ???????template:‘#detail‘ ???}) ???//3.准备路由 ???var router=new VueRouter(); ???//4.关联 ???router.map({ ???????‘home‘:{ ???????????component:Home, ???????????subRoutes:{ ???????????????‘login‘:{ ???????????????????component:{ ???????????????????????template:‘<strong>我是登录信息</strong>‘ ???????????????????} ???????????????}, ???????????????‘reg‘:{ ???????????????????component:{ ???????????????????????template:‘<strong>我是注册信息</strong>‘ ???????????????????} ???????????????} ???????????} ???????}, ???????‘news‘:{ ???????????component:News,
<!--路由匹配--> ???????????subRoutes:{ ???????????????‘/detail/:id‘:{ ???????????????????component:Detail ???????????????} ???????????} ???????} ???}); ???//5.启动路由 ???router.start(App,‘#box‘); ???//6.跳转 ???router.redirect({ ???????‘/‘:‘home‘ ???});</script></body></html>运行结果：
四、路由对象
在使用Vue-router启动应用时，每个匹配的组件实例都会被注入router的对象，称之为路由对象。在组件内部可以通过this.$route的方式进行调用。
路由对象有以下几个属性：
{$route.params | json}} -> 当前参数
{{$route.path}} -> 当前路径
{{$route.query | json}}-> ?数据
示例：
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> ???<meta charset="UTF-8"> ???<title>Document</title> ???<script src="bower_components/vue/dist/vue.js"></script> ???<script src="bower_components/vue-router/dist/vue-router.js"></script> ???<style> ???????.v-link-active{ ???????????font-size: 20px; ???????????color: #f60; ???????} ???</style></head><body> ???<div id="box"> ???????<ul> ???????????<li> ???????????????<a v-link="{path:‘/home‘}">主页</a> ???????????</li> ???????????<li> ???????????????<a v-link="{path:‘/news‘}">新闻</a> ???????????</li> ???????</ul> ???????<div> ???????????<router-view></router-view> ???????</div> ???????</div> ???<template id="home"> ???????<h3>我是主页</h3> ???????<div> ???????????<a v-link="{path:‘/home/login‘}">登录</a> ???????????<a v-link="{path:‘/home/reg‘}">注册</a> ???????</div> ???????<div> ???????????<router-view></router-view> ???????</div> ???</template> ???<template id="news"> ???????<h3>我是新闻</h3> ???????<div> ???????????<a v-link="{path:‘/news/detail/001‘}">新闻001</a> ???????????<a v-link="{path:‘/news/detail/002‘}">新闻002</a> ???????</div> ???????<router-view></router-view> ???</template> ???<template id="detail">
<!--获取路由对象的属性 -->
?????{{$route.params | json}} ???????<br> ???????{{$route.path}} ???????<br> ???????{{$route.query | json}} ???</template> ???<script> ???????//1. 准备一个根组件 ???????var App=Vue.extend(); ???????//2. Home News组件都准备 ???????var Home=Vue.extend({ ???????????template:‘#home‘ ???????}); ???????var News=Vue.extend({ ???????????template:‘#news‘ ???????}); ???????var Detail=Vue.extend({ ???????????template:‘#detail‘ ???????}); ???????//3. 准备路由 ???????var router=new VueRouter(); ???????//4. 关联 ???????router.map({ ???????????‘home‘:{ ???????????????component:Home, ???????????????subRoutes:{ ???????????????????‘login‘:{ ???????????????????????component:{ ???????????????????????????template:‘<strong>我是登录信息</strong>‘ ???????????????????????} ???????????????????}, ???????????????????‘reg‘:{ ???????????????????????component:{ ???????????????????????????template:‘<strong>我是注册信息</strong>‘ ???????????????????????} ???????????????????} ???????????????} ???????????}, ???????????‘news‘:{ ???????????????component:News, ???????????????subRoutes:{ ???????????????????‘/detail/:id‘:{ ???????????????????????component:Detail ???????????????????} ???????????????} ???????????} ???????}); ???????//5. 启动路由 ???????router.start(App,‘#box‘); ???????//6. 跳转 ???????router.redirect({ ???????????‘/‘:‘home‘ ???????}); ???</script></body></html>运行结果：
vue.js之路由
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/15fj/p/8321243.html