前言
不知道大家是否和我有同样的问题:
一般在数据库的设计阶段,会制定一些默认的规则,其中有一条硬性规定就是一定不要对任何表中的数据执行delete硬删除操作,因为每条数据对我们来说都是有用的,并且是值得分析的。
所以我们一般会在每张表中加一个“是否删除IsDeleted”或者“是否有效IsValid”的字段,来标识这条数据的状态是否可用!
那么疑问来了,在写SQL或者Linq的时候我们到底是要加上这个条件还是忽略这个条件呢?答案当然是根据实际业务需求和情况来决定。比如一个商品,在货架上的时候,它肯定是有效的并且是供顾客进行选购的;但是有一天被通知下架了(删除了),那么在顾客的已订单列表中你也同样要显示出来供顾客查看!
不过话说回来,我觉得大多时候查询的时候我们都会将这些无效的数据给过滤掉,所以每个SQL或者Linq中都有随处可见的IsDeleted=0类似这样的条件,而且有时候我们还会一不小心就把这个条件忘记在了脑后。那么有没有一种一劳永逸的或者更加便捷的方法来解决这个问题呢?这时主角EF Core就上场了!
1、使用EF Core自带的全局过滤查询功能
这个使用非常之简单,只需要在OnModelCreating中对需要进行全局过滤的表实体中设置ModelBuilder就可以了。先在系统用户表里边准备一条删除和未删除的数据。
???/// <summary> ???/// 系统上下文 ???/// </summary> ???public class LightContext : DbContext ???{ ???????public LightContext(DbContextOptions<LightContext> options) : base(options) ???????{ ???????} ???????protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder) ???????{ ???????????modelBuilder.Entity<ApplicationUser>(m => ???????????{ ???????????????m.Property(t => t.Email) ???????????????????????.HasMaxLength(50); ???????????????m.Property(t => t.UserName) ???????????????????????.IsRequired() ???????????????????????.HasMaxLength(50); ???????????????m.Property(t => t.Password) ???????????????????????.IsRequired() ???????????????????????.HasMaxLength(20); ???????????????m.HasQueryFilter(n => !n.IsDeleted); //默认查询未删除的用户 ???????????}); ???????????base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder); ???????} ???????/// <summary> ???????/// 系统应用用户 ???????/// </summary> ???????public DbSet<ApplicationUser> ApplicationUser { get; set; } ???}
运行程序然后请求用户接口,那么结果就是我们只获取到Id=1的未删除数据,Id=2的数据已经达到了我们的预期被过滤掉了!
分析:上面的做法虽然达到了效果,但是还不够灵活。如果这时我要查询所有的数据,那么这个全局过滤条件还得删掉,还有就是如果我要偏偏查询已删除的数据呢,又得改代码了!
所以,我们每次查询的时候都需要接受一个条件,来标识所查询数据的有效性,并将这个条件参数传递给数据库上下文DbContext,动态的去获取我们想要的数据!
2、在ASP.NET Core中接受全局过滤参数
首先第一步我们要在服务配置项中借助请求上下文HttpContext来动态接受一个“是否删除”的参数对象,我们暂时将这个参数定义为“d”,含义分别为:0:未删除,1:已删除,2:全部,同样默认查询所有未删除的数据
然后将这个参数以数据库上下文DbContext的构造函数传递进去,同时要考虑到get请求和post请求,最终的代码如下:
???????public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services) ???????{ ???????????// Add DbContext ???????????//services.AddDbContext<LightContext>(options => ???????????// ???options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("LightConnection"))); ???????????services.AddTransient<LightContext>(factory => ???????????{ ???????????????var builder = new DbContextOptionsBuilder<LightContext>(); ???????????????builder.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("LightConnection")); ???????????????var accessor = factory.GetService<IHttpContextAccessor>(); ???????????????bool? isDeleted = false;//默认全局查询未删除的数据 ???????????????if (accessor.HttpContext != null) ???????????????{ ???????????????????string method = accessor.HttpContext.Request.Method.ToLower(); ???????????????????StringValues queryIsdeleted = StringValues.Empty; ???????????????????if (method == "get") ???????????????????{ ???????????????????????queryIsdeleted = accessor.HttpContext.Request.Query["d"]; ???????????????????} ???????????????????else if (method == "post" && accessor.HttpContext.Request.HasFormContentType) ???????????????????{ ???????????????????????queryIsdeleted = accessor.HttpContext.Request.Form["d"]; ???????????????????} ???????????????????if (!StringValues.IsNullOrEmpty(queryIsdeleted)) ???????????????????{ ???????????????????????int isDeletedInt = 0;//0:未删除,1:已删除,2:全部 ???????????????????????if (int.TryParse(queryIsdeleted.FirstOrDefault(), out isDeletedInt)) ???????????????????????{ ???????????????????????????if (isDeletedInt == 0) ???????????????????????????{ ???????????????????????????????isDeleted = false; ???????????????????????????} ???????????????????????????else if (isDeletedInt == 1) ???????????????????????????{ ???????????????????????????????isDeleted = true; ???????????????????????????} ???????????????????????????else if (isDeletedInt == 2) ???????????????????????????{ ???????????????????????????????isDeleted = null; ???????????????????????????} ???????????????????????} ???????????????????} ???????????????} ???????????????return new LightContext(builder.Options, isDeleted); ???????????}); ???????}
3、在EF Core仓储中添加自定义过滤条件
接下来在数据库上下文DbContext增加一个IsDeleted的查询条件并私有化赋值操作,仅仅交由构造函数进行赋值。改动的代码如下:
???/// <summary> ???/// 系统上下文 ???/// </summary> ???public class LightContext : DbContext ???{ ???????public bool? IsDeleted { get; private set; } //禁止外界对IsDeleted进行赋值操作,限制在构造函数赋值 ???????public LightContext(DbContextOptions<LightContext> options, bool? isDeleted = false) : base(options) ???????{ ???????????IsDeleted = isDeleted; ???????} ???}
然后这个条件就可以在我们的EF仓储模块进行使用了,根据我们的实际需求可以进行不同的条件查询,部分代码如下:
???/// <summary> ???/// EF 实现仓储接口 ???/// </summary> ???/// <typeparam name="T">实体</typeparam> ???public class EfRepository<T> : IRepository<T>, IRepositoryAsync<T> where T : BaseModel ???{ ???????protected readonly LightContext _lightContext; ???????public EfRepository(LightContext lightContext) ???????{ ???????????_lightContext = lightContext; ???????} ???????public T GetById(int id) ???????{ ???????????if (_lightContext.IsDeleted.HasValue) ???????????{ ???????????????return _lightContext.Set<T>().Where(m => m.IsDeleted == _lightContext.IsDeleted.Value).FirstOrDefault(m => m.Id == id); ???????????} ???????????return _lightContext.Set<T>().FirstOrDefault(m => m.Id == id); ???????} ???????public async Task<T> GetByIdAsync(int id) ???????{ ???????????if (_lightContext.IsDeleted.HasValue) ???????????{ ???????????????return await _lightContext.Set<T>().Where(m => m.IsDeleted == _lightContext.IsDeleted.Value).FirstOrDefaultAsync(m => m.Id == id); ???????????} ???????????return await _lightContext.Set<T>().FirstOrDefaultAsync(m => m.Id == id); ???????} ???????public IEnumerable<T> GetList() ???????{ ???????????if (_lightContext.IsDeleted.HasValue) ???????????{ ???????????????return _lightContext.Set<T>().Where(m => m.IsDeleted == _lightContext.IsDeleted.Value).ToList(); ???????????} ???????????return _lightContext.Set<T>().ToList(); ???????} ???????public async Task<IEnumerable<T>> GetListAsync() ???????{ ???????????if (_lightContext.IsDeleted.HasValue) ???????????{ ???????????????return await _lightContext.Set<T>().Where(m => m.IsDeleted == _lightContext.IsDeleted.Value).ToListAsync(); ???????????} ???????????return await _lightContext.Set<T>().ToListAsync(); ???????} ???}
最后EF Core自带的那个过滤查询就可以完全省略掉了。
//m.HasQueryFilter(n => !n.IsDeleted);
至此整个调整已经完成,虽然看似简单,但是感觉还挺实用的,同样如果需要其他通用的过滤条件,比如时间之类的,都可以酌情添加!最终的效果如下:
4、最后
每天进步一点点,是件很愉快的事情!提前预祝大家新年快乐:)
在ASP.NET Core中通过EF Core实现一个简单的全局过滤查询
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/wangjieguang/p/gloadfilter.html