网站中的设置实现方式有好几种，其中有将设置类序列化然后保存到文件中(例如使用XML序列化然后以XML形式保存在文件中)，或者将设置信息保存到数据库中。
保存到数据库中的方式就是将设置的项作为key，设置的值作为value，以key-value（键值对）的形式保存。
下面使用保存到数据库中的例子来说明，首先是设置信息数据库表结构：
Name是设置项，Value是设置值。对应的实体类如下：
public class Setting : ISettings ???{ ???????public int Id { get; set; } ???????public string ?Name { get; set; } ???????public string Value { get; set; } ???}这里是使用Entity Framework，下面是数据库上下文实体类：
public partial class SettingContext : DbContext ???{ ???????public SettingContext():base("name=MyConnection") ???????{ ???????} ???????protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder) ???????{ ???????????Database.SetInitializer< SettingContext>(null); ???????????modelBuilder.Configurations.Add(new SettingMap()); ???????????base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder); ???????} ?????????????public IQueryable<Setting> Table ???????{ ???????????get ???????????{ ???????????????return Set<Setting>(); ???????????} ???????} ???????public IQueryable<Setting> TableNoTracking ???????{ ???????????get ???????????{ ???????????????return Set<Setting>().AsNoTracking(); ???????????} ???????} ???????public void Insert(Setting entity) ???????{ ???????????if (entity == null) ???????????{ ???????????????throw new ArgumentException("entity"); ???????????} ???????????Set<Setting>().Add(entity); ???????????SaveChanges(); ???????} ???????public void Update(Setting entity) ???????{ ???????????if (entity == null) ???????????{ ???????????????throw new ArgumentException("entity"); ???????????} ???????????Set<Setting>().Attach(entity); ???????????Entry(entity).State = EntityState.Modified; ???????????SaveChanges(); ???????} ???????/// <summary> ???????/// 加载"设置" ???????/// </summary> ???????/// <typeparam name="T">设置必须实现接口ISettings</typeparam> ???????/// <returns></returns> ???????public T LoadSetting<T>() where T : ISettings, new() ???????{ ???????????//创建设置实例，然后再对其属性赋值 ???????????var setting = Activator.CreateInstance<T>(); ???????????Type t = typeof(T); ???????????//获取所有的属性 ???????????PropertyInfo[] props = t.GetProperties(); ???????????//获取数据库中所有的设置 ???????????var allSetting = TableNoTracking.ToList(); ???????????if (allSetting!= null && allSetting.Count > 0) ???????????{ ???????????????foreach (PropertyInfo p in props) ???????????????{ ???????????????????if (!p.CanRead || !p.CanWrite) ???????????????????{ ???????????????????????continue; ???????????????????} ???????????????????string key = t.Name + "." + p.Name; ???????????????????key = key.Trim().ToLowerInvariant(); ???//转换为小写 ???????????????????var obj = allSetting.Where(s => s.Name == key).FirstOrDefault(); ???????????????????if (obj == null) ???????????????????{ ???????????????????????continue; ???????????????????} ???????????????????string valueStr = obj.Value; ???????????????????//判断是否可以转换为 ???????????????????if (!TypeDescriptor.GetConverter(p.PropertyType).CanConvertFrom(typeof(string))) ???????????????????{ ???????????????????????continue; ???????????????????} ???????????????????if (!TypeDescriptor.GetConverter(p.PropertyType).IsValid(valueStr)) ???????????????????{ ???????????????????????continue; ???????????????????} ???????????????????object value = TypeDescriptor.GetConverter(p.PropertyType).ConvertFromInvariantString(valueStr); ???????????????????p.SetValue(setting, value); ???????????????} ???????????} ???????????return setting; ???????} ???????/// <summary> ???????/// 保存设置 ???????/// </summary> ???????/// <typeparam name="T">设置必须实现接口ISettings</typeparam> ???????/// <param name="setting"></param> ???????public void SaveSetting<T>(T setting) where T : ISettings, new() ???????{ ???????????var allProperties = typeof(T).GetProperties(); ???????????var allSettings = Table.ToList(); ???????????foreach (PropertyInfo prop in allProperties) ???????????{ ???????????????if (!prop.CanRead || !prop.CanWrite) ???????????????{ ???????????????????continue; ???????????????} ???????????????//判断是否可以转换 ???????????????if (!TypeDescriptor.GetConverter(prop.PropertyType).CanConvertFrom(typeof(string))) ???????????????{ ???????????????????continue; ???????????????} ???????????????string key = typeof(T).Name + "." + prop.Name; ???????????????key = key.Trim().ToLowerInvariant(); ???????????????dynamic value = prop.GetValue(setting, null); ???????????????if (value == null) ???????????????{ ???????????????????value = ""; ???????????????} ???????????????var obj = allSettings.Where(s => s.Name == key).FirstOrDefault(); ???????????????//需要转换为string ???????????????string valueStr = TypeDescriptor.GetConverter(prop.PropertyType).ConvertToInvariantString(value); ???????????????//已存在设置则更新，不存在则添加 ???????????????if (obj != null) ???????????????{ ???????????????????obj.Value = valueStr; ???????????????????Update(obj); ???????????????} ???????????????else ???????????????{ ???????????????????obj = new Setting ???????????????????{ ???????????????????????Name = key, ???????????????????????Value = valueStr ???????????????????}; ???????????????????Insert(obj); ???????????????} ???????????} ???????} ???}由于需要用到泛型约束，所以要求设置类必须实现接口ISettings
EF映射类：
public class SettingMap : EntityTypeConfiguration<Setting> ???{ ???????public SettingMap() ???????{ ???????????this.ToTable("Setting"); ???????????this.HasKey(s => s.Id); ???????????this.Property(s => s.Name).HasMaxLength(512); ???????} ???}基础设置类：
/// <summary> ???/// 基础设置 ???/// </summary> ???public class BaseSetting : ISettings ???{ ???????[DisplayName("网站名称")] ???????public string SiteName { get; set; } ???????[DisplayName("备案号")] ???????public string SiteICP { get; set; } ???????[DisplayName("联系方式")] ???????public string SiteTel { get; set; } ???????[DisplayName("版权信息")] ???????public string Copyright { get; set; } ???????[DisplayName("状态")] ???????public bool Status { get; set; } ???????[DisplayName("缓存时间")] ???????public int CacheTime { get; set; } ???}在控制器中如下：
public class SettingController : Controller ???{ ???????SettingContext settingContext = new SettingContext(); ???????// GET: Setting ???????public ActionResult Index() ???????{ ???????????return View(); ???????} ???????public ActionResult Base() ???????{ ???????????var setting = settingContext.LoadSetting<BaseSetting>(); ???????????return View(setting); ???????} ???????[HttpPost] ???????public ActionResult Base(BaseSetting model) ???????{ ???????????if (ModelState.IsValid) ???????????{ ???????????????settingContext.SaveSetting<BaseSetting>(model); ???????????} ???????????return View(model); ???????} ???}视图代码（其实使用了Edit视图基架）：
@model SettingDemo.Models.BaseSetting@{ ???ViewBag.Title = "Base";}<h2>Base</h2>@using (Html.BeginForm()){ ???@Html.AntiForgeryToken() ???????<div class="form-horizontal"> ???????<h4>BaseSetting</h4> ???????<hr /> ???????@Html.ValidationSummary(true, "", new { @class = "text-danger" }) ???????<div class="form-group"> ???????????@Html.LabelFor(model => model.SiteName, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" }) ???????????<div class="col-md-10"> ???????????????@Html.EditorFor(model => model.SiteName, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } }) ???????????????@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.SiteName, "", new { @class = "text-danger" }) ???????????</div> ???????</div> ???????<div class="form-group"> ???????????@Html.LabelFor(model => model.SiteICP, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" }) ???????????<div class="col-md-10"> ???????????????@Html.EditorFor(model => model.SiteICP, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } }) ???????????????@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.SiteICP, "", new { @class = "text-danger" }) ???????????</div> ???????</div> ???????<div class="form-group"> ???????????@Html.LabelFor(model => model.SiteTel, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" }) ???????????<div class="col-md-10"> ???????????????@Html.EditorFor(model => model.SiteTel, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } }) ???????????????@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.SiteTel, "", new { @class = "text-danger" }) ???????????</div> ???????</div> ???????<div class="form-group"> ???????????@Html.LabelFor(model => model.Copyright, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" }) ???????????<div class="col-md-10"> ???????????????@Html.EditorFor(model => model.Copyright, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } }) ???????????????@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Copyright, "", new { @class = "text-danger" }) ???????????</div> ???????</div> ???????<div class="form-group"> ???????????@Html.LabelFor(model => model.Status, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" }) ???????????<div class="col-md-10"> ???????????????<div class="checkbox"> ???????????????????@Html.EditorFor(model => model.Status) ???????????????????@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Status, "", new { @class = "text-danger" }) ???????????????</div> ???????????</div> ???????</div> ???????<div class="form-group"> ???????????@Html.LabelFor(model => model.CacheTime, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" }) ???????????<div class="col-md-10"> ???????????????@Html.EditorFor(model => model.CacheTime, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } }) ???????????????@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.CacheTime, "", new { @class = "text-danger" }) ???????????</div> ???????</div> ???????<div class="form-group"> ???????????<div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-10"> ???????????????<input type="submit" value="Save" class="btn btn-default" /> ???????????</div> ???????</div> ???</div>}<div> ???@Html.ActionLink("Back to List", "Index")</div>@section Scripts { ???@Scripts.Render("~/bundles/jqueryval")}浏览前台：
填写设置，保存，查看数据库
这里设置项使用的是类名.属性名，也可以使用完全名称(完全命名空间.类名.属性名)，只需适当修改代码即可。扩展自己的设置类需要类似BaseSetting那样，实现接口ISettings。
参考资料：nopcommerce商城系统
ASP.NET MVC实现通用设置
原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/godbell/p/7492542.html