关联关系 多对多
栗子:一个员工可以有写多个项目,一个项目也是由多个程序员来完成,这就是一个典型的多对多实例
下面给根据实例提取出两个实体类 Employee (员工实体), Project (项目实体)。
一。单向的多对多:(提添加一个项目,并给这个项目添加两个员工。)
在员工表中植入Project属性
配置Employee.hbm.xml文件:
开始单侧:
@Test ???//双向多对多关联关系 2.添加多个员工到一个部门下 ???public void manytomanyt1(){ ???????Session session = HibernateUtil.getSession(); ???????Transaction tx=session.beginTransaction(); ???????Employee emp=new Employee(); ???????emp.setEmpname("山鸡"); ???????Project pro1=new Project(); ???????pro1.setProname("安防部门"); ???????Project pro2=new Project(); ???????pro2.setProname("财务部门"); ???????emp.getProjects().add(pro1); ???????emp.getProjects().add(pro2); ???????session.save(emp); ???????session.save(pro1); ???????session.save(pro2); ???????tx.commit(); ???}
结果:
二。多对多双向(查询项目下有几个员工/查询每个员工有几个项目)
在项目表中植入员工Employee属性:
配置Project.hbm.xml文件(同上):
测试:
@Test ???//双向多对多关联关系 ?1.检索员工姓名并查出项目名称 ???public void t(){ ???????Session session = HibernateUtil.getSession(); ???????Employee employee = session.get(Employee.class, 29); ???????System.out.println("员工名称:"+employee.getEmpname()); ???????System.out.println("员工所在项目:"); ???????for (Project project:employee.getProjects()){ ???????????System.out.println(project.getProname()); ???????} ???}
结果:
Hibernate: ????select ???????employee0_.empid as empid1_2_0_, ???????employee0_.empname as empname2_2_0_ ????from ???????ANNAN.Employee employee0_ ????where ???????employee0_.empid=?员工名称:山鸡员工所在项目:Hibernate: ????select ???????projects0_.eid as eid1_5_0_, ???????projects0_.pid as pid2_5_0_, ???????project1_.proid as proid1_3_1_, ???????project1_.proname as proname2_3_1_ ????from ???????empAndPro projects0_ ????inner join ???????ANNAN.Project project1_ ????????????on projects0_.pid=project1_.proid ????where ???????projects0_.eid=?安防部门财务部门
延迟加载:
延迟加载(lazy load懒加载)是当在真正需要数据时,才执行SQL语句进行查询,避免了无谓的性能开销。
延迟加载分类:
01.类级别的查询策略
02.一对多和多对多关联的查询策略
03.多对一关联的查询策略
一。类级别的查询策略:立即检索和延迟检索,默认为延迟检索
//类级别的延迟加载 ???@Test ???public void t3(){
???????//默认lazy为true ???????Session session = HibernateUtil.getSession(); ???????Employee employee = session.load(Employee.class, 29); ???????System.out.println(); ???}
效果:
当Class类 的lazy为false时:
效果:
一对多和多对多关联查询策略:
:::::::一对多或者多对多检索策略由lazy和fetch共同确定:::::::
在映射文件中,用<set>元素来配置一对多关联及多对多关联关系。<set>元素有lazy和fetch属性
1.lazy的值为true时:延迟加载
结果:
2.lazy的值为false时:立即加载
fetch取值
Join:迫切左外连接
Select:多条简单SQL(默认值)
Subselect:子查询
fetch和lazy组合
解析:fetch=”join” lazy会被忽略,迫切左外连接的立即检索
Fetch=”select” lazy=”false” 多条简单SQL立即检索
Fetch=”select” lazy=”true” 多条语句延迟检索
Fetch=”select” lazy=”extra” 多条语句及其懒惰检索
Fetch=”subselect” lazy=”false” 子查询立即检索
Fetch=”subselect” lazy=”true” 子查询延迟检索
Fetch=”subselect” lazy=”extra” 子查询及其懒惰检索
Join:
<set name="projects" table="empAndPro" fetch="join">
Hibernate: ????select ???????employee0_.empid as empid1_2_0_, ???????employee0_.empname as empname2_2_0_, ???????projects1_.eid as eid1_5_1_, ???????project2_.proid as pid2_5_1_, ???????project2_.proid as proid1_3_2_, ???????project2_.proname as proname2_3_2_ ????from ???????ANNAN.Employee employee0_ ????left outer join ???????empAndPro projects1_ ????????????on employee0_.empid=projects1_.eid ????left outer join ???????ANNAN.Project project2_ ????????????on projects1_.pid=project2_.proid ????where ???????employee0_.empid=?员工名称:山鸡员工所在项目:财务部门安防部门
默认select:
<set name="projects" table="empAndPro" fetch="select">
Hibernate: ????select ???????employee0_.empid as empid1_2_0_, ???????employee0_.empname as empname2_2_0_ ????from ???????ANNAN.Employee employee0_ ????where ???????employee0_.empid=?员工名称:山鸡员工所在项目:Hibernate: ????select ???????projects0_.eid as eid1_5_0_, ???????projects0_.pid as pid2_5_0_, ???????project1_.proid as proid1_3_1_, ???????project1_.proname as proname2_3_1_ ????from ???????empAndPro projects0_ ????inner join ???????ANNAN.Project project1_ ????????????on projects0_.pid=project1_.proid ????where ???????projects0_.eid=?安防部门财务部门
3.lazy的值为extra时:加强延迟加载:(
只有访问集合对象的属性时才会加载,访问集合本身的属性时(例如,集合大小,生成count),不会立即加载。
)
结果:
System.out.println(projects.size());
Hibernate: ????select ???????employee0_.empid as empid1_2_0_, ???????employee0_.empname as empname2_2_0_ ????from ???????ANNAN.Employee employee0_ ????where ???????employee0_.empid=?Hibernate: ????select ???????count(pid) ????from ???????empAndPro ????where ???????eid =?2
hibernate 的 关联关系之多对多 ??和 ?延迟加载
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/ruiannan/p/8150351.html