前言：
本系列文章主要为我之前所学知识的一次微小的实践，以我学校图书馆管理系统为雏形所作。
本系列文章主要参考资料：
微软文档：https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/aspnet/core/getting-started/?view=aspnetcore-2.1&tabs=windows
《Pro ASP.NET MVC 5》、《锋利的 jQuery》
此系列皆使用 VS2017+C# 作为开发环境。如果有什么问题或者意见欢迎在留言区进行留言。
项目 github 地址：https://github.com/NanaseRuri/LibraryDemo
本章内容：通过模态窗口确认是否提交表单、select 元素、表单提交数组、checkbox、关闭窗口前确认、EF 修改主键
一、外借/阅览图书信息首页
这里的实现和上一章大致一致，但这里我打算通过前面的 BookDetail 页面进入到这个页面：
首先创建一个视图模型同时保存 BookDetail 的信息并传递 IEnumerable<Book> 以便对对应 BookDetails 的外借/阅览图书信息进行展示：
1 ?????public class BookEditModel2 ?????{3 ?????????public BookDetails BookDetails { get; set; }4 ?????????public IEnumerable<Book> Books { get; set; }5 ?????}对应 BookDetail 的外借/阅览图书信息首页：
1 ????????[Authorize(Roles = "Admin")] 2 ????????public IActionResult Books(string isbn) 3 ????????{ 4 ????????????BookEditModel model = new BookEditModel() 5 ????????????{ 6 ????????????????Books = _context.Books.Where(b => b.ISBN == isbn), 7 ????????????????BookDetails = _context.BooksDetail.FirstOrDefault(b => b.ISBN == isbn) 8 ????????????}; 9 ????????????if (model.BookDetails==null)10 ????????????{11 ????????????????TempData["message"] = "未找到目标书籍";12 ????????????????return RedirectToAction("BookDetails"); ???????????????13 ????????????}14 ????????????return View(model);15 ????????} ???视图：
1 @using LibraryDemo.Models.DomainModels 2 ????@model BookEditModel 3 ?4 ????@{ 5 ????????ViewData["Title"] = "外借/阅览书籍信息"; 6 ????????Book temp = new Book(); 7 ????} 8 ?9 <script>10 ????function confirmDelete() {11 ????????var barcodes = document.getElementsByName("barcodes");12 ????????var message="确认删除";13 ????????for (i in barcodes) {14 ????????????if (barcodes[i].checked) {15 ????????????????var book = barcodes[i].parentElement.nextElementSibling.firstElementChild.innerHTML;16 ????????????????message=message+"《"+book+"》";17 ????????????}18 ????????}19 ????????message = message + "?";20 ????????if (confirm(message) == true) {21 ????????????return true;22 ????????} else {23 ????????????return false;24 ????????}25 ????}26 </script>27 28 ????<style type="text/css">29 ????????tr + tr {30 ????????????border-top: thin solid gray;31 ????????}32 33 ????????td + td {34 ????????????padding-left: 100px;35 ????????}36 37 ????????.container {38 ????????????width: 1200px;39 ????????}40 ????</style>41 42 ????<h2>《@Model.BookDetails.Name》</h2>43 ????<br />44 45 ????@if (TempData["message"] != null)46 ????{47 ????????<p style="font-size: large;color:red" >@TempData["message"]</p>48 ????????<br />49 ????????<br />50 ????}51 52 ????<form asp-action="RemoveBooks" method="post">53 ????????<div>54 ????????????<a class="btn btn-primary" asp-action="AddBook" asp-route-isbn="@Model.BookDetails.ISBN">添加外借书籍</a>55 ????????????<button type="submit" class="btn btn-danger" onclick="return confirmDelete()"> 删除外借书籍</button>56 ????????</div>57 ????????<br />58 ????????<input type="hidden" name="isbn" value="@Model.BookDetails.ISBN"/>59 ????????<table>60 ????????????<tbody>61 ????????????<tr>62 ????????????????<td></td>63 ????????????????<td>@Html.LabelFor(b => temp.BarCode)</td>64 ????????????????<td>@Html.LabelFor(b => temp.Bookshelf)</td>65 ????????????????<td>@Html.LabelFor(b => temp.BorrowTime)</td>66 ????????????????<td>@Html.LabelFor(b => temp.MatureTime)</td>67 ????????????????<td>@Html.LabelFor(b => temp.AppointedLatestTime)</td>68 ????????????????<td>@Html.LabelFor(b => temp.State)</td>69 ????????????????<td>@Html.LabelFor(b => temp.Keeper)</td>70 ????????????</tr>71 ????????????????@if (Model.Books.ToList().Count == 0)72 ????????????????{73 ????????????????????<tr><td colspan="7">未有《@Model.BookDetails.Name》的外借/阅览书籍信息</td></tr>74 ????????????????}75 ????????????????@foreach (var book in Model.Books)76 ????????????????{77 ????????????????????<tr>78 ????????????????????????<td><input type="checkbox" name="barcodes" value="@book.BarCode"/></td>79 ????????????????????????<td><a asp-action="EditBook" asp-route-barcode="@book.BarCode">@Html.DisplayFor(b => book.BarCode)</a></td>80 ????????????????????????<td>@Html.DisplayFor(b => book.BookshelfId)</td>81 ????????????????????????<td>@Html.DisplayFor(b => book.BorrowTime)</td>82 ????????????????????????<td>@Html.DisplayFor(b => book.MatureTime)</td>83 ????????????????????????<td>@Html.DisplayFor(b => book.AppointedLatestTime)</td>84 ????????????????????????<td>@Html.DisplayFor(b => book.State)</td>85 ????????????????????????<td>@Html.DisplayFor(b => book.Keeper.Name)</td>86 ????????????????????</tr>87 ????????????????}88 ????????????</tbody>89 ????????</table>90 ????</form>结果：
二、添加的外借/阅览图书信息
在 21 行中使用了 Bind 特性，使在模型绑定过程中只绑定对应属性名的属性，防止了与其他数据的绑定。 Bind 特性中的属性名区分大小写，与表单中的 input 的 name 一一对应。
26 行使用 .AsNoTracking 告诉 EF 在查询时禁用更改跟踪提高性能，对不需要进行更改的数据的查询都可以带有该方法。
32 行对表单上传的数据进行检验以确认来自同一本书。
34 行中使用 Include 方法告诉 EF 使返回的书架包含架上书本的信息，使 bookshelf.Books 返回一个 ICollection 实例而不是空 ICollection 以将新的外借/阅览图书信息添加其中。
1 ????????[Authorize(Roles = "Admin")] 2 ????????public IActionResult AddBook(string isbn) 3 ????????{ 4 ????????????BookDetails bookDetails = _context.BooksDetail.FirstOrDefault(b => b.ISBN == isbn); 5 ????????????if (bookDetails == null) 6 ????????????{ 7 ????????????????return RedirectToAction("BookDetails", new { isbn = isbn }); 8 ????????????} 9 ????????????Book book = new Book()10 ????????????{11 ????????????????ISBN = bookDetails.ISBN,12 ????????????????Name = bookDetails.Name,13 ????????????????FetchBookNumber = bookDetails.FetchBookNumber14 ????????????};15 ????????????return View(book);16 ????????}17 18 ????????[HttpPost]19 ????????[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]20 ????????[Authorize(Roles = "Admin")]21 ????????public async Task<IActionResult> AddBook([Bind("ISBN,Name,FetchBookNumber,BarCode,BookshelfId,State")]Book book)22 ????????{23 ????????????if (ModelState.IsValid)24 ????????????{25 ????????????????BookDetails bookDetails = _context.BooksDetail.FirstOrDefault(b => b.ISBN == book.ISBN);26 ????????????????Book existBook = _context.Books.AsNoTracking().FirstOrDefault(b => b.BarCode == book.BarCode);27 ????????????????if (existBook != null)28 ????????????????{29 ????????????????????TempData["message"] = $"已有二维码为{book.BarCode}的书籍《{existBook.Name}》";30 ????????????????????return RedirectToAction("AddBook", new {isbn = book.ISBN});31 ????????????????}32 ????????????????if (bookDetails.Name == book.Name)33 ????????????????{34 ????????????????????Bookshelf bookshelf = _context.Bookshelves.Include(b=>b.Books).FirstOrDefault(b => b.BookshelfId == book.BookshelfId);35 ????????????????????if (bookshelf != null)36 ????????????????????{37 ????????????????????????book.Sort = bookshelf.Sort;38 ????????????????????????book.Location = bookshelf.Location;39 ????????????????????????bookshelf.Books.Add(book);40 ????????????????????????bookshelf.MaxFetchNumber = bookshelf.Books.Max(b => b.FetchBookNumber);41 ????????????????????????bookshelf.MinFetchNumber = bookshelf.Books.Min(b => b.FetchBookNumber);42 ????????????????????}43 ????????????????????await _context.Books.AddAsync(book);44 ????????????????????await _context.SaveChangesAsync();45 ????????????????????TempData["message"] = $"《{book.Name}》 {book.BarCode} 添加成功";46 ????????????????????return RedirectToAction("Books", new { isbn = book.ISBN });47 ????????????????}48 ????????????}49 ????????????return View(book);50 ????????} ???视图：
1 @using LibraryDemo.Models.DomainModels 2 ????@model LibraryDemo.Models.DomainModels.Book 3 ?4 ????@{ 5 ????????ViewData["Title"] = "AddBook"; 6 ????} 7 ?8 ????<script> 9 ????????window.onload = function () {10 ????????????$("input").addClass("form-control");11 ????????}12 ????????window.onbeforeunload = function () {13 ????????????return "您的数据未保存，确定退出？";14 ????????}15 ????????function removeOnbeforeunload() {16 ????????????window.onbeforeunload = "";17 ????????}18 ????</script>19 20 ????<h2>@($"为《{Model.Name}》添加借阅/阅览书籍信息")</h2>21 ????<br />22 ????<br />23 ????@if (TempData["message"] != null)24 ????{25 ????????<p class="text-primary">@TempData["message"]</p>26 ????????<br />27 ????????<br />28 ????}29 30 ????@Html.ValidationSummary(false, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })31 ????<form asp-action="AddBook" method="post">32 ????????<div class="form-group">33 ????????????@Html.LabelFor(b => b.ISBN)34 ????????????<input type="text" value="@Model.ISBN" readonly="readonly" name="@nameof(Model.ISBN)" />35 ????????</div>36 ????????<div class="form-group">37 ????????????@Html.LabelFor(b => b.Name)38 ????????????<input type="text" value="@Model.Name" readonly="readonly" name="@nameof(Model.Name)" />39 ????????</div>40 ????????<div class="form-group">41 ????????????@Html.LabelFor(b => b.FetchBookNumber)42 ????????????<input type="text" value="@Model.FetchBookNumber" readonly="readonly" name="@nameof(Model.FetchBookNumber)" />43 ????????</div>44 ????????<div class="form-group">45 ????????????@Html.LabelFor(b => Model.BarCode)46 ????????????@Html.EditorFor(b => Model.BarCode)47 ????????</div>48 ????????<div class="form-group">49 ????????????@Html.LabelFor(b => Model.BookshelfId)50 ????????????@Html.EditorFor(b => Model.BookshelfId)51 ????????</div>52 ????????<div class="form-group">53 ????????????@Html.LabelFor(b => Model.State)54 ????????????@Html.DropDownListFor(b=>Model.State,Enum.GetValues(typeof(BookState)).Cast<Enum>().Select(state =>55 ???????{56 ???????????string enumVal = Enum.GetName(typeof(BookState), state);57 ???????????string displayVal;58 ???????????switch (enumVal)59 ???????????{60 ???????????????case "Normal":61 ???????????????????displayVal = "可借阅";62 ???????????????????break;63 ???????????????case "Readonly":64 ???????????????????displayVal = "馆内阅览";65 ???????????????????break;66 ???????????????case "Borrowed":67 ???????????????????displayVal = "已借出";68 ???????????????????break;69 ???????????????case "ReBorrowed":70 ???????????????????displayVal = "被续借";71 ???????????????????break;72 ???????????????case "Appointed":73 ???????????????????displayVal = "被预约";74 ???????????????????break;75 ???????????????default:76 ???????????????????displayVal = "";77 ???????????????????break;78 ???????????}79 ???????????return new SelectListItem()80 ???????????{81 ???????????????Text=displayVal,82 ???????????????Value = enumVal83 ???????????};84 ???????}))85 ????????</div>86 ????????<div class="form-group"></div>87 ????????<input type="submit" class="btn-success" onclick="removeOnbeforeunload()" />88 ????</form>三、移除外借/阅览图书信息
此处实现与之前移除书籍信息大致一致，但额外接受一个 isbn 参数用来返回原 isbn 的外借/阅览图书信息首页：
1 ????????[Authorize(Roles = "Admin")] 2 ????????[HttpPost] 3 ????????[ValidateAntiForgeryToken] 4 ????????public async Task<IActionResult> RemoveBooks(IEnumerable<string> barcodes, string isbn) 5 ????????{ 6 ????????????StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); 7 ????????????foreach (var barcode in barcodes) 8 ????????????{ 9 ????????????????Book book = _context.Books.First(b => b.BarCode == barcode);10 ????????????????_context.Books.Remove(book);11 ????????????????sb.AppendLine($"{book.BarCode} 移除成功");12 ????????????}13 ????????????await _context.SaveChangesAsync();14 ????????????TempData["message"] = sb.ToString();15 ????????????return RedirectToAction("Books", new { isbn = isbn });16 ????????} ???四、增删总结果：
五、编辑借阅/阅览书籍信息：
在此设置 BarCode 可以被修改，由于修改主键时会导致 EF 的映射失败，因此EF 不支持直接修改主键，但是可以先将原数据删除再进行添加变相修改主键。
POST 的方法中额外接受一个 BarCode 用来保留原书籍信息。
1 ????????[Authorize(Roles = "Admin")] 2 ????????public IActionResult EditBook(string barcode) 3 ????????{ 4 ????????????Book book = _context.Books.First(b => b.BarCode == barcode); 5 ????????????return View(book); 6 ????????} 7 ?8 ????????[HttpPost] 9 ????????[Authorize(Roles = "Admin")]10 ????????[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]11 ????????public async Task<IActionResult> EditBook(string oldBarCode,[Bind("BarCode,BookshelfId,BorrowTime,Name,KeeperId,AppointedLatestTime")]Book book)12 ????????{13 ????????????if (ModelState.IsValid)14 ????????????{15 ????????????????Book oldBook = _context.Books.FirstOrDefault(b => b.BarCode == oldBarCode);16 ????????????????if (oldBook == null)17 ????????????????{18 ????????????????????ViewBag["message"] = $"不存在二维码为{oldBarCode}的书籍";19 ????????????????????return RedirectToAction("BookDetails");20 ????????????????}21 22 ????????????????if (oldBook.Name == book.Name)23 ????????????????{24 ????????????????????book.ISBN = oldBook.ISBN;25 ????????????????????book.FetchBookNumber = oldBook.FetchBookNumber;26 ????????????????????Bookshelf bookshelf = _context.Bookshelves.Include(b => b.Books).FirstOrDefault(b => b.BookshelfId == book.BookshelfId);27 ????????????????????if (bookshelf != null)28 ????????????????????{ ???????????????????????29 ????????????????????????book.Sort = bookshelf.Sort;30 ????????????????????????book.Location = bookshelf.Location;31 ????????????????????????bookshelf.Books.Remove(oldBook);32 ????????????????????????bookshelf.Books.Add(book);33 ????????????????????}34 35 ????????????????????_context.Books.Remove(oldBook);36 ????????????????????_context.Books.Add(book);37 ????????????????????await _context.SaveChangesAsync();38 ????????????????????TempData["message"] = "修改成功";39 ????????????????????return RedirectToAction("Books", new { isbn = oldBook.ISBN });40 ????????????????}41 ????????????} ???????42 ????????????return View(book);43 ????????}ASP.NET Core 打造一个简单的图书馆管理系统（七）外借/阅览图书信息的增删改查
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/gokoururi/p/10344146.html