docker的定义：
1.docker的三个概念：Docker是一个开源的引擎，可以轻松的为任何应用创建一个轻量级的、可移植的、自给自足的容器
Docker 镜像 - Docker images： Docker 镜像是 Docker 容器运行时的只读模板
Docker 仓库 - Docker registeries： Docker 仓库用来保存镜像，可以理解为代码控制中的代码仓库（Docker Hub）
Docker 容器 - Docker containers：每一个 Docker 容器都是从 Docker 镜像创建的。Docker 容器可以运行、开始、停止、移动和删除。每一个 Docker 容器都是独立和安全的应用平台
docker的使用
1.检查docker是否安装成功，命令：docker version，一般服务端和客户端在同一台机器上
2.搜索可用的docker镜像，docker search XXX
3.下载镜像:docker pull XXX(镜像名称)
4.这时查看本地镜像列表：docker images ，就可以看到下载好的镜像了
5.启动容器docker run -i -t -v /root/software/:/mnt/software/ 83ee /bin/bash
命令包括三个部分：docker run <相关参数> <镜像 ID> <初始命令>
其中参数有：
-i：表示以“交互模式”运行容器
t：表示容器启动后会进入其命令行
-d:让容器在后台运行
-v：表示需要将本地哪个目录挂载到容器中，格式：-v <宿主机目录>:<容器目录>
本例中，所有安装程序都放在了宿主机的/root/software/目录下，现在需要将其挂载到容器的/mnt/software/目录下
初始命令表示一旦容器启动，需要运行的命令，此时使用“/bin/bash”，表示启动后直接进入bash shell
6.容器退出，命令：exit
另一种启动：
启动容器&进入容器&拷贝文件
Docker start (container ID)
Docker attach (container ID)
docker cp D:\docker_test\gradle-2.13-bin.zip d6e3e7845eb2:/tmp
使用docker exec 可以进入到已经启动的容器中docker exec -ti container-id /bin/bash
容器的工作是建立在镜像的基础之上的，如果需要删除镜像的话，需要先删除使用该镜像的容器，然后才能删除镜像
docker rm删除容器
docker rmi 删除镜像
通过容器生成新的镜像
docker commit <container-id> <image-name>
docker commit -m "wangcreatecontan" -a "wangjccreate" 14628ddc3b57 wjc/test
安装docker
官方提供了两种方式一种是使用存儲库进行安装 ，一种是从包中进行安装 ，两种方式都可以进行安装 ，只是第一种是官方推荐的。
安装网络yum源
[root@linfan ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/[root@linfan yum.repos.d]# curl -o 163.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo[root@linfan yum.repos.d]# sed -i ‘s/\$releasever/7/g‘ /etc/yum.repos.d/163.repo[root@linfan yum.repos.d]# sed -i ‘s/enabled=0/enabled=1/g‘ /etc/yum.repos.d/163.repo[root@linfan yum.repos.d]# yum -y install epel-release[root@linfan yum.repos.d]# yum clean all安装依赖环境
[root@linfan ~]# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 [root@linfan ~]# yum-config-manager --enable extras [root@linfan ~]# yum-config-manager \ --add-repo \ https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo安装docker
[root@linfan ~]# yum install docker //中间会出来1个选择 直接yes就好啦开启docker并设置为开机自启动
[root@linfan ~]# systemctl restart docker[root@linfan ~]# systemctl enable dockerCreated symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.[root@linfan ~]# ps -ef |grep dockerroot ??????3731 ?????1 ?0 09:37 ? ???????00:00:00 /usr/bin/dockerd-current --add-runtime docker-runc=/usr/libexec/docker/docker-runc-current --default-runtime=docker-runc --exec-opt native.cgroupdriver=systemd --userland-proxy-path=/usr/libexec/docker/docker-proxy-current --init-path=/usr/libexec/docker/docker-init-current --seccomp-profile=/etc/docker/seccomp.json --selinux-enabled --log-driver=journald --signature-verification=false --storage-driver overlay2root ??????3736 ??3731 ?0 09:37 ? ???????00:00:00 /usr/bin/docker-containerd-current -l unix:///var/run/docker/libcontainerd/docker-containerd.sock --metrics-interval=0 --start-timeout 2m --state-dir /var/run/docker/libcontainerd/containerd --shim docker-containerd-shim --runtime docker-runc --runtime-args --systemd-cgroup=trueroot ??????3870 ??2881 ?0 09:38 pts/3 ???00:00:00 grep --color=auto docker基于docker容器部署web应用LNMP服务器环境
关闭防火墙及SELINX
[root@linfan ~]# systemctl stop firewalld[root@linfan ~]# systemctl disable firewalld[root@linfan ~]# sed -ri ‘s/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g‘ /etc/selinux/config[root@linfan ~]# setenforce 0setenforce: SELinux is disabled镜像下载
下载nginx的镜像
Using default tag: latestTrying to pull repository docker.io/library/nginx ...latest: Pulling from docker.io/library/nginx802b00ed6f79: Pull completee9d0e0ea682b: Pull completed8b7092b9221: Pull completeDigest: sha256:24a0c4b4a4c0eb97a1aabb8e29f18e917d05abfe1b7a7c07857230879ce7d3d3Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/nginx:latest下载mysl的镜像
[root@linfan ~]# docker pull mysqlUsing default tag: latestTrying to pull repository docker.io/library/mysql ...latest: Pulling from docker.io/library/mysql802b00ed6f79: Already exists30f19a05b898: Pull complete3e43303be5e9: Pull complete94b281824ae2: Pull complete51eb397095b1: Pull complete54567da6fdf0: Pull completebc57ddb85cce: Pull completed6cd3c7302aa: Pull completed8263dad8dbb: Pull complete780f2f86056d: Pull complete8e0761cb58cd: Pull complete7588cfc269e5: Pull completeDigest: sha256:038f5f6ea8c8f63cfce1bce9c057ab3691cad867e18da8ad4ba6c90874d0537aStatus: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/mysql:latest下载php的镜像
[root@linfan ~]# docker pull php:7.1.0-fpmTrying to pull repository docker.io/library/php ...7.1.0-fpm: Pulling from docker.io/library/php5040bd298390: Pull complete568dce68541a: Pull complete6a832068e64c: Pull completec3300aac0007: Pull completeae3d537a7fbb: Pull complete248628681235: Pull completea8c69fc28ae2: Pull complete214901489c7f: Pull completeca5d85c64ddd: Pull completeDigest: sha256:98ebed9994365d145961e48e4d1414633a52d37f50e7cacbb4f370d1bbfb6817Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/php:7.1.0-fpm编写生成nginx容器脚本并启动脚本
[root@linfan ~]# cat docker_nginx.sh#!/usr/bin bashdocker run -p 80:80 --name nginx -v /docker/code:/usr/share/nginx/html -v /var/log/nginx:/var/log/nginx -v /docker/nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d --privileged=true -d nginx[root@linfan ~]# sh docker_nginx.shWARNING: IPv4 forwarding is disabled. Networking will not work.//此处有报错，不影响此次操作，为了下面部署顺利 下一步还是解决一下98066b91e351761bb3100c74e61eca1fe39f37d2eadad8625f37dfff0bbb722c解决报错
[root@linfan ~]# vim ?/usr/lib/sysctl.d/00-system.conf# Kernel sysctl configuration file## For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled. ?See sysctl(8) and# sysctl.conf(5) for more details.# Disable netfilter on bridges.net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0添加以下内容net.ipv4.ip_forward=1[root@linfan ~]# systemctl restart network //重启网卡 ??????????????????????????????编写生成mysql容器脚本并启动脚本
[root@linfan ~]# vim ?docker_mysql.sh# /usr/bin bashdocker run --name mysql \ //创建的容器名称-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=linfan123 \ //设置mysql的密码-v /usr/lib/mysql:/usr/lib/mysql -p 3306:3306 \ //容器的3306端口映射到宿主机-d mysql ?//后台运行容器[root@linfan ~]# sh docker_mysql.sh46c7ca203469fd5735b21999ab02455a666b5f7596912b175fbadf2af345943d ???????????编写生成php容器脚本
[root@linfan ~]# vim docker_php.sh#! /usr/bin bashdocker run -p 9000:9000 --name php -v /docker/code/:/var/www/html/ --privileged=true -d php:7.1.0-fpm ?[root@linfan ~]# sh docker_php.shb54287d8d154871ebc1192a97ec4220f4b5f96bd8ed382149ae9730870472e7a ??创建项目的文件夹并设置nginx配置
创建项目的文件夹
[root@linfan ~]# mkdir /docker/code //提示文件夹已存在，忽悠即可mkdir: cannot create directory ‘/docker/code’: File exists[root@linfan ~]# mkdir /docker/nginx/conf.d//提示文件夹已存在，忽悠即可mkdir: cannot create directory ‘/docker/nginx/conf.d’: File existsnginx配置
[root@linfan ~]# vim /docker/nginx/conf.d/default.confserver { ?listen ?80 default_server; ?server_name localhost; ?root ??/usr/share/nginx/html/; ?location / { ??index index.html index.htm index.php; ??autoindex off; ?} ?location ~ \.php(.*)$ { ??root ?/var/www/html/; ??fastcgi_pass 172.17.0.3:9000; ??fastcgi_index index.php; ??fastcgi_split_path_info ^((?U).+\.php)(/?.+)$; ??fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; ??fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info; ??fastcgi_param PATH_TRANSLATED $document_root$fastcgi_path_info; ??include ?fastcgi_params; ?}}重启nginx容器
[root@linfan ~]# docker restart nginxnginx[root@linfan ~]# ss -natlState ?????Recv-Q Send-Q ???????????????Local Address:Port ??????????????????????????????Peer Address:PortLISTEN ????0 ?????128 ??????????????????????????????*:22 ???????????????????????????????????????????*:*LISTEN ????0 ?????100 ??????????????????????127.0.0.1:25 ???????????????????????????????????????????*:*LISTEN ????0 ?????128 ?????????????????????????????:::80 ??????????????????????????????????????????:::*LISTEN ????0 ?????128 ?????????????????????????????:::22 ??????????????????????????????????????????:::*LISTEN ????0 ?????100 ????????????????????????????::1:25 ??????????????????????????????????????????:::*LISTEN ????0 ?????128 ?????????????????????????????:::9000 ????????????????????????????????????????:::*LISTEN ????0 ?????128 ?????????????????????????????:::3306 ????????????????????????????????????????:::* ???????创建测试页面
[root@linfan ~]# echo "<?php phpinfo(); ?>" > /docker/code/index.php验证：
在浏览器输入192.168.24.128
docker安装步骤及基于docker容器部署web应用LNMP服务器环境
原文地址：http://blog.51cto.com/13858192/2172733